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PALLISER’S 


MODEL 


HOMES. 


SHOWING  A VARIETY  OP 

Designs  foe  Model  Dwellings  s 


ALSO, 


FARM-BARN  AND  HENNERY,  STABLE  AND  CARRIAGE  HOUSE,  SCHOOL 
HOUSE,  MASONIC  ASSOCIATION  BUILDING,  BANK  AND 
LIBRARY,  TOWN  HALL  AND  THREE  CHURCHES. 


TOGETHER  WITH  A LARGE  AMOUNT  OP  MISCELLANEOUS  MATTER,  MAKING  IN 
ALL  A VERY  VALUABLE  BOOK  POR  EVERY  ONE  WHO 
CONTEMPLATES  BUILDING. 


Tenth  Thousand, 


The  genius  of  the  Architect,  in  his  practice,  unlike  that  of  the  Sculptor  and  the  Painter,  which  may  bejman- 
ifested  in  their  highest  forms  almost  single  handed,  and  within  the  four  walls  of  the  studio,  deals  with,  sterner 
materials,  and  has  to  wield  not  only  the  intractabilities  of  matter,  but  the  even  greater  intractabilities  of  men’s 
adverse  wills,  and  to  move  the  apathy,  and  frequently  the  ignorance,  of  ill-constituted  public  opinion. — Sir  M. 
Digby  Wyatt. 


■LflfSER,  PALLISER  & CO., 
ARCHITECTS, 
iidgepoet,  Conn. 

ti  American  Cottaoe  Homes,  Palliser’s  Useful  Details, 
I’alliseu’s  Specifications,  Etc.,  Etc. 


Copyright  1878,  by  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co. 


L.  S.  PUNDEKSON, 
LITHOGRAPHER  AND  PRINTER, 
NEW  HAVEN,  CONN. 


PLATES  FROM  ORIGINAL  DRAWINGS 
BY  GEO.  & CHAS.  PALLISER, 
ARCHITECTS. 


CONTENTS. 


Hints  on  Building, 

. Page 

5 

Employment  of  Architects, 

a 

13 

Responsibility  of  Architects, 

66 

20 

Cottage  at  Scooba,  Miss., 

Plate 

1 

“ Birmingham,  Conn., 

66 

1 

“ Chelsea,  Mass.,  and  Newport,  Ohio,  . 

66 

2 

“ West  Stratford,  Conn., 

66 

o 

O 

“ Litchfield,  Conn., 

66 

4 

Residence  of  R.  R.  Henry,  Tazewell,  Ya., 

66 

5 

“ Albert  Trinler,  New  Albany,  Ind.,  . 

66 

6 

“ Dwight  Hotchkiss,  Sharon,  Conn., 

66 

7 

“ N.  Carpenter,  Sterling,  111., 

66 

8 

“ W.  Coe,  Stratford,  Conn.,  .... 

66 

9 

“ F.  Egge,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  . 

66 

10,  11 

“ Rev.  Dr.  Marble,  Newtown,  Conn., 

66 

12 

“ W.  W.  Woodruff,  Mount  Carmel,  Conn., 

66 

13 

“ Silas  W.  Gardiner,  Lyons,  Iowa,  . 

6 6 

14 

Pair  of  Houses  near  New  Haven,  Conn., 

66 

15 

Residence  of  a Country  Physician, 

66 

1G 

Pair  of  Houses  at  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  .... 

66 

17 

Residence  of  Frank  H.  Underwood,  Tolland,  Conn., 

66 

18,  19 

Farm-Barn  and  Hennery, 

66 

20 

Stable  and  Carriage-House, 

66 

21 

School-House, 

66 

22 

Masonic  Association  Building, 

66 

23 

Bank  and  Library, 

66 

24 

Town  Hall, 

66 

25 

Episcopal  Church, 

66 

26 

Catholic  Church, 

66 

27 

Congregational  Church,  ...... 

66 

28 

PREFACE. 


• fc*  

rlST  consequence  of  our  increasing  business,  supplying  parties  in  all 
parts  with  Designs,  etc.,  we  found  it  necessary  to  adopt  a system 
for  conducting  this  class  of  business,  and  with  which  to  supply  a 
want  long  felt,  especially  in  the  country,  where  Architects  had  done  but 
little  business,  and  the  people  had  been  obliged  to  plan  their  own  houses 
or  copy  from  their  neighbors. 

This  led  us  to  issue  the  first  edition  (5,000)  of  Model  Homes.  These 
have  nearly  all  been  disposed  of,  having  been  sent  into  every  State  and 
Territory  in  the  Union,  and  many  to  the  provinces.  In  the  first  book 
the  designs  were  very  poorly  given,  on  account* of  their  being  wood-cuts. 
Even  poor  as  they  were,  it  was  very  highly  valued  by  the  general  public, 
and  this  fact  has  induced  us  to  issue  a second  edition,  which  has  been 
entirely  revised,  and  will  be  found  a much  more  complete  guide  to  the 
erection  of  buildings. 

All  the  designs  in  this  work  have  been  made  by  us  in  the  past  few 
months,  and  with  one  or  two  exceptions  are  now  in  progress  of  erection. 
They  will  be  found  full  of  suggestions  for  parties  who  intend  building,  as 
they  contain  the  ideas  and  requirements  of  a number  of  different  individ- 
uals, localities  and  site  for  which  intended,  and  show  what  progress  has 
been  made  in  the  last  few  years  in  American  Architecture. 

THE  AUTHORS. 

' Bridgeport,  Conn.,  July  1st,  1878. 


Hints  on  Building. 


“ When  we  mean  to  build, 

We  first  survey  the  plat,  then  draw  the  model; 

And,  when  we  see  the  figure  of  the  house, 

Then  must  we  rate  the  cost  of  erection; 

Which,  if  we  find  outweighs  ability, 

What  do  we  then  but  draw  anew  the  model 
In  fewer  offices;  or,  at  least,  desist 
To  build  at  all?  Much  more  in  this  great  work 
(Which  is  almost  to  pluck  a kingdom  down, 

And  set  another  up)  should  we  survey 
The  plat  of  situation,  and  the  model; 

Consent  upon  a sure  foundation ; 

Question  Surveyors;  know  our  own  estate. 

How  able  such  a work  to  undergo; 

To  weigh  against  his  opposite : or  else 
We  fortify  in  paper  and  in  figures, 

Using  the  names  of  men  instead  of  men : 

Like  one  that  draws  the  model  of  a house 
Beyond  his  power  to  build  it;  who,  half  through 
Gives  o’er,  and  leaves  his  part-created  cost 
A naked  subject  to  the  weeping  clouds, 

And  waste  for  churlish  winter’s  tyranny.” 

King  Henry  IV.,  Act  1,  Scene  3. 


One  of  the  first  and  most  important  things  to  be  settled  in  the  erection 
of  a home  is  a site,  and  it  is  not  at  all  surprising  that  there  are  so  many 
who  never  give  the  matter  of  location  the  first  thought,  further  than, 
is  it  a good  neighborhood;  are  there  good  neighbors;  and  is  the  price 
reasonable.  To  such  we  say  this  is  all  wrong  and  we  speak  from  actual 
experience.  John  Jones  who  is  a Real  Estate  Agent  and  has  the  sale 
of  a piece  of  ground  he  wishes  you  to  buy,  will  not  point  out  to  you  the 
defects  in  the  ground  or  anything  that  is  detrimental  to  the  property,  but 
will  fully  explain  its  good  points.  The  first  thing  to  do  is  to  find  out  what 
the  nature  of  the  ground  is,  as  some  locations  are  resisting — others  soft  and 
compressible  to  various  degrees;  is  it  made  ground?  for  you  must  only 
build  on  firm  and  solid  ground;  or  is  it  a sand  and  gravel  bottom?  Take 
a spade,  dig  down  four  or  five  feet  and  see  for  yourself  what  it  is.  If  your 
cellar  bottom  is  placed  in  a layer  of  hard  pan,  as  we  have  frequently  seen 
them,  then  the  treatment  of  drainage  should  be  different,  so  as  to  keep  it 
dry;  and  while  it  makes  a firm  foundation  for  the  building,  yet  sand  or 
gravel  is  preferable  on  all  accounts,  for  if  the  weight  compresses  the  bed  of 
sand  and  forces  it  to  settle,  the  settling  is  regular,  and  hence  free  from  danger. 

The  alluvia  formed  by  sluggish  water  courses  that  naturally  How  through 
the  interstices  of  a hard  or  clayey  soil  are  very  injurious  to  the  health  of  the 
occupants  of  a house  erected  over  such  ground;  and  in  the  erection  of  such 
great  care  should  be  exercised  in  the  matter  of  drainage,  so  as  to  keep  the 
cellar  bottom  dry  and  free  from  moisture;  the  foundation  walls  should 


6 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


descend  below  the  cellar  bottom  sufficient  to  allow  a drain  to  be  laid  on  and 
around  the  outside  of  walls,  and  the  bottom  part  of  this  drain  should  be  one 
foot  below  the  level  of  cellar  floor:  this  drain  should  entirely  encompass 
the  building  at  a distance  of  a few  inches  from  walls  and  the  water  as  it 
sinks  through  the  soil  will  be  thus  arrested  in  its  progress  by  the  drain  and 
drawn  off  from  the  building,  leaving  the  entire  ground  under  your  house 
free  from  moisture.  This  drain  will  carry  the  water  where  you  wish,  and 
can  have  branches  connecting  with  roof  leaders  to  carry  off  the  waste  water 
from  the  roof;  also  the  necessary  branches  can  be  connected  from  inside, 
so  as  to  carry  away  all  surplus  and  waste  water  from  all  parts  of  the  house. 

We  strongly  advise  this  method  of  draining  all  houses,  no  matter  what  the 
soil  may  be;  and  even  if  it  costs  a little  more  to  put  in  the  drains  this  way  it 
is  preferable  to  any  other.  The  leader  pipes  from  the  roofs  form  a series  of 
ventilating  shafts  for  the  drains,  a feature  that  is  desirable  and  necessary, 
as  they  will  carry  the  gases  generated  in  the  sewer  up  above  the  roof  of  the 
house  where  it  will  pass  away  and  do  no  harm ; care  should  be  taken  not  to 
have  any  leader  openings  in  roof  near  to  or  under  upper  story  windows ; there 
should  also  be  a running  trap  between  the  connection  to  the  house  and  the 
sewer  in  main  pipe;  this  should  be  put  as  near  the  house  as  practicable  and 
a leader  branch  or  vent  pipe  connected  as  near  to  it  as  possible — this  for 
proper  ventilation,  as  the  trap  is  liable  to  syphon  dry  if  not  ventilated. 

A cellar  bottom  should  be  thoroughly  cemented  tight  with  cement  con- 
crete, which  should  be  not  less  than  two  inches  in  depth  to  obtain  a good 
bottom,  and  should  not  be  made  of  nearly  all  sand  or  gravel — as  some  ma- 
sons try  to  do,  presuming  to  save  cement — but  should  have  a proper  pro- 
portion of  good  cement  thoroughly  mixed  in  with  it  and  properly  laid. 

When  the  people  who  build  homes  have  had  the  experience  the  writer  of 
this  has,  and  had  to  fight  scarlet  fever  and  diphtheria  and  grim  death 
himself  through  the  want  of  a proper  system  of  sewerage,  then  they  will 
perhaps  begin  to  realize  that  this  is  indeed  one  of  the  first  and  most 
important  things  to  be  taken  up  in  the  planning  and  erection  of  a home, 
and  one  which  will  not  bear  a saving  at  the  spigot  and  tvholesale  waste  at 
the  bung  hole. 

What  is  architecture  ? What  is  anything  ? If  we  look  out  of  our  windows 
what  do  we  see;  perhaps  nothing  but  the  verdant  fields  covered  with  their 
vegetation  and  dotted  here  and  there  with  green  trees,  which  at  this  time 
form  a pretty  and  attractive  picture  to  look  upon,  or  we  see  perhaps  a thickly 
populated  district  where  little  else  is  to  be  seen  but  brick  walls,  tin  roofs, 
skylights  to  light  down  into  bodies  of  stores  where  fine  displays  of  fancy 
and  useful  goods  of  every  description  are  seen,  to  meet  the  wants  of  all 
classes.  The  green  verdant  fields  we  see  are  the  natural  results  of  the  sea- 
sons, which  are  regulated  by  the  hand  of  the  divine  architect,  and  consti- 
tute the  motive  power  whereby  all  living  creatures  on  land  move  and  have 
their  being;  the  houses,  walls',  roofs  and  skylights  we  see  are  a necessity 
that  we  must  have  to  shelter  us  from  the  wind  and  rain  and  allow  us  to  see 
and  act  in  places  where  but  for  them  it  would  be  cold  and  dark ; and  as  we 
look  out  and  see  these  things,  and  reason,  we  find  that  these  forms  are  an 
expression  of  our  wants  and  thus  have  good  reason  for  existence. 

As  the  ancients  found  at  the  commencement  of  the  world  that  it  was 
necessary  to  protect  themselves  from  the  wind  and  the  rain  and  cold,  they 
undoubtedly  went  to  work  with  such  materials  as  they  had  at  hand  and 


palliser's  model  homes. 


erected  for  themselves  huts  or  tents,  made  probably  with  sticks  or  leaves, 
or  perhaps  mud,  and  as  they  progressed  in  civilization  they  thus  were 
educating  themselves  to  better  supply  their  wants,  and  as  one  improvement 
was  made  it  suggested  another;  and  so  on,  ad  infinitum,  until  we  have  now 
reached  an  era  of  civilization  that  one  hundred  years  ago  was  never  dreamt 
of,  nor  would  have  been  credited.  As  the  erection  of  the  humble  abodes  in 
ancient  times  was  a direct  result  of  necessity,  so  it  is  now;  and  as  the  times 
have  so  changed  and  men’s  ideas  with  them,  we  have  architecture  on  an 
improved  scale.  If  any  one  doubts  this  we  advise  him  to  betake  himself 
to  the  woods,  and  look  about  and  see  what  he  can  do  with  regard  to  housing 
himself  with  the  means  and  materials  found  there,  and  no  doubt  in  nine 
cases  out  of  ten  he  would  not  do  much  better  than  the  ancients  did;  and 
as  it  is  a necessity  that  we  should  be  housed  and  protected  from  the 
inclemency  of  the  weather,  it  is  through  this  necessity  that  we  learn  to 
reason  and  to  apply  our  reasoning  powers  to  each  special  case,  for  what 
answers  one  case  will  not  do  for  another.  There  is  no  method,  no  receipt, 
no  procedure  that  can  be  applied,  for  we  must  observe  circumstances,  facts, 
habits,  climate  and  hygeian  conditions  as  well  as  the  individual  wants  of 
the  occupants.  And  as  the  materials  and  means  of  execution  are  every 
day  modified  or  changed,  we  must  follow  these  variations,  and  a good, 
practitioner  in  the  art  must  have  a working  power  and  independence  of 
character,  a thorough  knowledge  of  business,  enough  energy  and  tenacity, 
and  assert  his  authority — saying  I will  only  accept  this  or  that  so  far  as  I 
find  them  useful,  and  to  serve  my  purpose;  he  must  have  character,  and 
ascertain  by  his  reasoning  and  working,  and  not  allow  himself  to  be  seduced 
by  attractive  appearances;  must  express  his  thoughts  clearly  and  reflect 
before  speaking,  and  if  nature  has  endowed  him  with  genius,  such  will  be— 
if  his  reasoning  powers  are  properly  applied — a splendid  compliment  to  his 
faculties.  But  without  reasoning,  genius  would  only  serve  as  a stumbling 
block  and  had  better  lay  dormant. 

What  has  been  done  before  our  time  must  not  be  ignored,  as  it  is  a good 
acquired,  a common  store  house  filled  with  the  reasonings  and  works  of  our 
predecessors,  and  which  has  been  handed  down  to  our  own  time  for  us  to 
start  from.  Architecture  is  an  art,  and  the  true  architect  should  so  wield 
this  art  that  it  be  but  the  faithful  expression  of  the  times  as  we  see  them, 
that  the  building  may  be  in  truth  the  envelope  of  that  which  it  contains. 
To  be  a good  architect  is  to  be  a good  reasoner,  and  to  reason  well  is  to 
work  well,  for  the  one  is  subservient  to  the  other.  All  the  essential 
conditions  must  be  thoroughly  reflected  on — the  client’s  needs  fully  known. 
Then  the  result  can  be  placed  on  paper, for  nothing  must  be  left  to  chance; 
every  function  must  know  and  fill  its  place,  and  every  particle  in  value  must 
be  in  relation  to  the  whole,  so  as  to  render  them  intelligible  to  those  who 
.execute  them.  This  is  what  is  commonly  meant  by  Architecture. 

The  simplest  way  to  study  architecture  is  by  practicing  it,  and  though 
many  are  taught  to  conceive  and  plan  buildings  that  cannot  be  constructed, 
only  on  paper,  under  the  shallow  pretext  of  preserving  high  art,  they  soon 
tire  of  putting  these  conceptions  on  paper,  when  they  see  the  success  that 
attends  the  working  and  practical  architect,  whose  buildings  are  daily 
growing  more  and  more  beautiful  the  more  difficulties  he  has  to  encounter. 
Construction  outside  of  a certain  scientific  and  practical  knowledge  can 
only  be  studied  by  experience,  a habit  of  reasoning  and  obedience  to  the 


8 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


rules  of  good  sense,  and  lie  who  disdains  this  natural  faculty  under  the 
pretence  that  it  hampers  inspiration,  will  always  see  his  conceptions  applied 
to  paper  where  they  hurt  nobody;  for  to  carry  out  such  whims  costs  dear, 
and  as  practical  men  always  exercise  their  reasoning  powers  and  good  sense 
in  erecting  a home,  they  then  have  a right  to  consider  it  inopportune  and 
stop  before  they  begin. 

There  are  a great  number  of  people  who,  intending  to  build  for  them- 
selves homes,  have  an  idea  that  only  symmetrical  houses  look  well.  This 
class  of  people  are  to  be  met  with  almost  every,  day  in  the  week  in  the 
experience  of  an  architect  who  is  consulted  by  a large  number  of  clients, 
and  we  have  frequently  been  very  much  tried  in  our  patience  and  labors  in 
preparing  plans  to  suit  the  wants  of  such  people,  therefore  rve  now  propose 
to  have  a few  words  to  say  to  this  class  of  clients. 

A close  observer  in  travelling  through  the  country  towns  and  villages  in 
almost  every  portion  of  our  country,  cannot  fail  to  notice  the  sameness  and 
monotony  of  most  country  residences,  which  are  nearly  all  built  after  one 
order,  and  very  frequently  a large  number  in  each  village  all  just  alike, 
presenting  symmetrical  aspects.  There  is  the  country  house  of  say  from 
36  to  40  feet  front;  the  front  door  in  the  center,  two  windows  each  side, 
two  story  high,  and  roof  about  pitch,  with  that  same  old  box  cornice — 
we  presume  they  copied  from  what  Noah  had  on  the  Ark.  This  matter  of 
symmetry  is  a very  grave  question  and  one  which  may  work  well  enough 
on  large  public  buildings,  but  should  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  design 
and  arrangement  of  private  dwellings.  Fancy  your  building  a house  with 
the  Sitting  and  Dining  Room  on  the  South  side,  to  which  you  want  bay 
windows ; and  as  the  Kitchen  comes  on  the  North  side,  as  it  is  necessary 
to  have  a symmetrical  house,  it  must  have  a bay  window  there  also,  or  else 
dispense  with  the  bay  on  South  side.  There  are  undoubtedly  a great  many 
people  who  are  willing  to  satisfy  their  vain  pleasure  of  displaying  outside, 
regular  and  monumental  exteriors,  by  sacrificing  the  every  day  conveniences 
which  are  so  essential  to  the  comforts  of  a home. 

Symmetry  applied  to  private  architecture  is  an  invention  that  has  had  its 
day  and  is  completely  run  out,  except  in  rare  cases,  where  old  fogyism 
holds  the  sway  and  rules  supreme.  The  most  convenient  homes  are  those 
which  are  planned  with  a special  reference  to  satisfy  the  needs  of  its 
occupants  and  so  as  to  avoid  all  useless  expenditures — and  we  might  add 
these  are  the  most  pleasing  in  point  of  aspect,  for  the  simple  reason  that 
they  clearly  show  the  purposes  for  which  they  are  built. 

The  ancients  never  troubled  themselves  about  symmetry  in  their  resi- 
dences; the  houses  at  Pompeii  are  not  built  with  any  regard  to  it,  and  the 
villa  or  country  house  of  which  Pliny  has  left  us  a full  description  does  not 
give  us  any  appearance  of  symmetry. 

In  designing  homes  we  must  follow  the  laws  of  common  sense,  and  not 
sacrifice  interior  comfort  for  the  satisfaction  of  displaying  an  outside  show 
which  is  offensive  to  the  cultivated  eye.  But  let  us  have  homes  wherein 
nothing  whatever  is  conceded  to  a false  luxury  and  where  harmony  says 
that  though  here  is  a small  and  there  a large  opening  to  suit  the  interior 
requirements,  they  are  so  grouped  and  blended  together  that  they  produce 
a pleasing  and  picturesque  exterior,  and  which  when  finished  will  cost  us  no 
more,  as  we  shall  have  nothing  concealed,  nothing  artificial,  nothing  useless ; 
all  the  details  throughout,  though  modest,  being  direct  results  and  a neces- 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


9 


sity  of  the  structure  and  requisite  to  suit  the  needs  of  the  occupants,  so  that 
the  structure  when  built  will  always  permit  you  to  see  its  organs  and  how 
these  organs  work.  This  sort  of  construction,  is  the  only  satisfactory  one  to 
people  of  sense  and  taste,  there  being  a good  reason  for  it. 

In  building,  every  detail  is  worthy  of  close  attention  and  everything 
should  be  taken  into  account.  In  all  things  the  way  to  avoid  an  evil  is  to 
analyze  and  search  for  its  cause  and  to  determine  its  effects,  for  we  can 
only  appreciate  what  is  good  by  a knowledge  of  what  is  bad;  so  much  so 
that  in  the  absence  of  the  bad  we  cannot  admit  that  the  good  exists.  And 
it  requires  a large  experience  to  know  what  must  be  avoided  in  building, 
while  if  you  are  born  an  architect  you  will  readily  discover  in  what  the 
good  and  beautiful  exists;  and  if  not,  all  the  examples  that  the  world  con- 
tains will  not  give  you  talent.  A sight  of  the  finest  achievements  of  the  art 
may  pervert  the  minds  of  some,  if  when  they  see  them  no  one  is  there  to 
explain  how  the  authors  succeeded  in  making  them  beautiful,  because  they 
avoided  falling  into  such  and  such  faults. 

An  exact  mind  and  experience  is  only  acquired  by  long  and  tedious  study, 
and  the  observation  and  experience  aid  us  to  recognize  what  is  bad  and 
avoid  it;  besides  what  is  good  in  one  place  is  bad  in  another,  by  reason  of 
climate,  habits,  and  the  quality  of  the  materials  and  their  adaptability  to  this 
or  that  local  circumstance.  You  cannot  establish  absolute  rules  in  build- 
ing, since  experience,  reasoning  and  reflection  must  always  intervene  when 
building  is  undertaken ; all  the  special  circumstances  which  come  up  in  an 
architect’s  career  have  to  be  dealt  with  and  worked  out  in  a certain  method 
to  solve  the  problem,  and  it  requires  no  small  amount  of  intelligence  and  ob- 
servation to  work  out  these  cases  in  a manner  that  no  given  rule  ever  yet 
invented  could  foresee. 

There  is  in  every  community  a class  of  persons  who  sow  broadcast  their 
advice  to  any  and  every  one  with  whom  they  come  in  contact  who  may  be 
interested  in  the  erection  of  buildings — men  who  have  read  and  travelled 
and  who  know  a little  of  everything,  and  whose  opinions  are  greatly  respected 
in  their  neighborhoods.  These  men  always  pretend  to  give  a simple  solu- 
tion to  everything,  whether  politics,  science,  commerce  or  even  the  arts; 
they  have  themselves  built  houses,  and  were  their  own  architect,  making 
their  own  plans  and  contracts,  treating  directly  with  suppliers  and  super- 
vising the  works — men  Avho  are  by  themselves  regarded  as  infallible  judges 
on  every  subject  that  comes  up;  they  are  honest,  polite,  and  sometimes 
even  generous  to  those  who  may,  through  interest  or  conviction,  flatter  their 
eccentricities.  Such  are  some  whose  experience  has  cost  them  dear,  and 
having  had  such  misadventures  are  ever  ready  to  try  help  snatch  one — a 
brand  from  the  burning  as  it  were — and  who  are  ever  ready  with  “ Will  you 
permit  me  a few  remarks;”  and  they  proceed  after  this  wise:  “Now  really 

this  all  looks  very  nice  on  paper,  and  seems  to  be  excellent;  still,  as  I have 
seen  and  compared  a good  deal,  I tell  you  frankly  I don’t  think  that  this  is 
really  just  the  thing  for  you  ; excuse  me,  but  do  you  see  the  size  of  this 
room?  why,  it  don’t  come  in  to  suit  carpets;  now  when  I have  built  a 
house,  I have  always  made  it  so  as  to  fit  carpets,  and  I should  strongly 
advise  the  making  of  this  room  eight  inches  wider,  so  as  to  accommodate 
five  breadths  of  carpet.  Now  this  I think  is  an  indispensible  feature,  as  it 
never  seemed  to  me  right  to  turn  the  carpet  under;”  still,  when  you  inform 
him  that  the  floor  in  question  is  to  be  of  hardwood  with  a border  of  darker 


10 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


wood  around  it,  he  is  never  taken  back  but  still  insists  that  the  change 
should  be  made,  as  it  may  be  carpeted  sometime.  “ Yes,  there  are  some 
very  good  ideas  in  the  plan,  but  I think  if  I were  you  I would  throw  those 
two  small  rooms  into  one  and  have  one  large  room.  I have  seen  houses 
something  like  this  arranged  that  way;  then  I think  instead  of  passing 
through  this  closet  from  Dining  Room,  to  Kitchen,  a direct  communication 
would  be  better,  as  you  would  not  have  but  one  door  to  pass  through  ” — 
he  never  thinks  Avliy  there  are  two  doors — “my  house  is  that  way  and  it  is 
very  handy” — perhaps  so!  “then  I cannot  say  that  I like  this  large  roof — 
it  seems  to  me  there  is  too  much  of  it ; now  I would  stop  this  part  and  flatten 
this  porch-roof  instead  of  running  thte  main  roof  right  down,  as  it  would 
not  look  so  long;  it  is  well  enough  for  English  houses,  but  it  never  seemed 
to  me  right  to  have  it  so  here— -and  besides,  you  seldom  see  such  roofs  here.” 
These  men  don’t  know  why  such  a roof  is  better  for  this  climate  than  for 
England,  nor  does  he  see  why  you  should  be  so  foolish  as  to  go  and  erect 
anything  that  is  in  accordance  with  what  he  does  or  has  done;  you  must 
share  his  opinion  or  you  do  not  know  anything. 

You  may  be  very  inexperienced  yourself  in  building,  but  if  so  your 
architect  should  know  enough  for  both  himself  and  you,  and  while  your 
busy  neighbor  may  ply  you  with  his  wholesale  advice,  you  need  not  sac- 
rifice yourself  to  any  whims  or  suggestions  he  may  make.  Never  mind 
how  much  he  don’t  like  your  large  roof,  your  gables,  or  your  internal 
arrangements,  if  they  are  what  you  want;  go  straight  ahead  in  the  path 
you  have  marked  out  and  let  your  advisers  go  their  way;  if  they  Avant 
their  ideas  carried  out  let  them  do  it  themselves  at  their  oAvn  cost — let 
them  produce  their  oavh  works  of  vanity  erected  for  vanity’s  sake,  or  for 
desires  of  their  oavii  misapplied  talents,  reaping  the  reward  of  their  folly, 
which  will  only  be  admired  by  themselves  for  their  own  lives  and  then 
abandoned. 

Our  experience  has  been  very  large  Avith  this  class  of  advisers;  we  have 
stumbled  across  them  in  our  professional  path  so  frequently  that  Ave  hoav 
have  a formula  ready  to  salute  them  Avith,  and  Avhile  Ave  firmly  believe  that 
Ave  shall  never  agree  Avith  such,  Ave  presume  they  have  a reason  of  existence 
and  a right  to  be  heard,  and  if  they  Avould  always  let  those  Avho  know  more 
than  themselves  hear  them,  Ave  should  have  no  fault  to  find. 

We  feel  it  Avould  be  no  trouble  for  us  to  fill  a volume  of  200  pages  Avith 
advice  given  to  our  clients  and  criticisms  of  the  uninformed.  Only  a Aveek 
or  tAvo  ago  one  of  our  clients,  1,500  miles  away,  Avrote  us  that  he  Avas  not 
aAvare  how  many  disinterested  friends  he  possessed  until  he  commenced 
building;  almost  every  owe  he  met  had  something  to  say  about  Avhat  he  Avas 
erecting — people  seemed  to  think  he  Avas  spending  his  money  to  suit  them 
instead  of  himself.  When  Ave  forwarded  him  the  drawings,  &c.,  Ave  put  him 
on  guard  against  his  friends’  advice,  and  told  him  to  go  by  the  drawings 
and  specifications  and  not  to  deviate  from  them,  no  matter  Avhat  advice  he 
got,  and  if  he  wished  any  information  to  communicate  with  us.  He  has 
done  this,  and  says  he  threw  overboard  seven  tons  of  everybody’s  advice 
and  took  only  ours  in  the  erection  of  his  home;  if  he  had  taken  most  of  his 
friends’  advice  he  Avould  have  built  the  usual  large  dry  goods  box  with  a 
flat  roof;  but  the  result  is  very  different,  and  as  the  press  in  speaking  of  it 

says:  “It  is  a pretty  residence,  and  Mr.  and  Mrs. may  Avell  feel 

proud  of  their  new  and  comfortable  home.” 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


11 


Let  your  architect  do  the  thinking  for  you  which  you  pay  him  for,  and 
you  will  save  time,  trouble — and  most  of  all,  expense. 

“Gentlemen  : 

“I  have  been  advised  by  some  of  my  neighbors  to  dispense  with  the 
stone  foundation  for  my  house,  and  to  cement  the  sides  of  the  ground  to- 
form  walls,  starting  the  brick  underpinning  upon  the  ground.  What  would 
you  advise  me  to  do  about  it  ? Yours,  &c.,  W.  J.” 

The  above  letter  was  received  from  a gentleman  we  had  furnished  with 
plans  for  a Cottage  Home,  and  as  we  had  given  him  full  plans,  working- 
drawings  and  specifications  for  construction,  we  could  not  understand  what 
he  was  driving  at,  and  we  had  to  think  twice  before  attempting  to  answer  it. 
In  the  first  place  we  came  to  the  conclusion  here  is  a gentleman  who  is 
troubled  with  the  advice  of  his  neighbors,  which  he  probably  thinks  consid- 
erable of,  who  no  doubt  flocked  around  him  like  so  many  moths  around  a 
light,  and  he  has  no  decided  mind  of  his  own,  or  else  he  would  consult  his 
drawings  and  specifications  and  be  governed  accordingly.  We  answered  in 
this  wise : 

“Dear  Sir: 

“Yours  of  the  2d  inst.  is  at  hand  and  contents  noted.  In  reply 
would  say  we  never  yet  in  all  our  experience  heard  of  such  a mode  of  con- 
struction as  referred  to  in  your  letter,  and  should  certainly  infer  that  your 
neighbors  are  strange  people  to  advise  you  to  do  any  such  thing  and  we 
should  think  very  ignorant  in  these  matters  and  incapable  of  giving  advice. 
We  will  suppose  that  you  construct  your  wall  in  this  way  and  watch  the 
result  say  for  one  year.  It  is  now  an  excellent  time  to  build,  the  weather 
is  fine  and  building  operations  can  be  pushed  to  good  advantage.  You  get 
your  cellar  dug,  but  do  not  dig  close  up  to  the  walls,  to  avoid  the  dirt  fall- 
ing in,  and  probably  slope  them  to  counteract  this  trouble.  You  level  th 
top  all  around,  so  as  to  start  your  underpinning  and  run  up  the  brick  work 
from  the  ground  line  the  proper  height  to  receive  the  frame  above.  Well, 
this  all  looks  very  nice,  everything  going  along  pleasantly ; the  frame  is 
raised  and  sheathed  and  enclosed  in  good  time,  the  floors  are  laid,  partitions 
set,  the  walls  plastered,  and  you  proceed  to  and  finish  up  the  inside  work; 
all  still  going  along  nicely,  nothing  to  be  seen  amiss  with  the  foundation 
walls,  they  are  firm  as  a rock,  no  cracks  in  the  underpinning  visible,  and 
you  begin  to  prepare  for  and  do  the  cementing  in  the  cellar,  all  the  time 
congratulating  yourself  what  a sensible  man  you  are  to  take  your  friends’' 
advice  and  save  all  that  stone  work,  though  it  does  take  considerable  cement 
to  cement  the  sides  ; why,  how  nice  it  looks ! Certainly  you  have  a far  more 
solid  appearing  wall  than  rough  stone  would  make,  besides  it  is  pleasanter 
to  the  eye.  You  get  your  house  finished,  painting  done,  and  now  you  are 
moving  in,  putting  down  carpets  and  getting  everything  set  to  rights  gener- 
ally. All  this  time  you  have  been  busy  as  could  be,  and  had  no  time  to 

think  further  about  your  cellar  walls;  however  Mrs.  calls  your 

attention  to  the  door  opening  into  the  Parlor;  it  don’t  shut  and  catch 
properly — would  you  just  fix  it;  and  upon  examination  you  find  it  strikes 
the  top  corner  of  the  casing.  You  think  this  strange ; why,  it  was  all  right 
a day  or  two  ago;  and  while  you  are  casting  your  eyes  up  to  examine  the 
door  you  notice  a crack  in  the  angle  of  the  wall  and  ceiling  on  both  sides 


12 


palliseb’s  model  homes. 


of  the  partition  in  the  Hall  and  Parlor,  which  you  think  to  yourself  is  only 
the  natural  result  of  a slight  shrinkage  of  timber,  and  something  that 
always  happens  in  a new  house;  you  get  your  carpenter  to  plane  off  the  top 
■corner  of  the  door,  the  painter  to  touch  it  up  and  all  is  straight  again — no, 
not  exactly.  There  is  trouble  with  the  windows  in  the  rear  angle  of  the 
Dining  Room — they  don’t  seem  to  fit  as  they  did  when  you  first  moved  in  ; 
the  sash  locks  bind  and  you  cannot  lock  them.  You  begin  to  think  the 
carpenter  was  not  as  particular  about  the  fitting  of  the  windows  as  he  should 
have  been.  Of  course  this  must  be  fixed,  the  windows  must  be  locked ; and 
in  the  meantime  you  insert  a stick  from  top  of  meeting  rail  of  lower  sash  to 
lower  edge  of  top  rail  on  upper  sash,  as  you  have  seen  the  carpenter  fasten 
the  windows  before  the  locks  were  in  place.  Well,  you  wait  a day  or  two 
and  see  your  carpenter,  he  calls  and  looks  at  the  windows,  sees  what  is  the 
matter  and  wonders  how  that  came  to  fit  so  badly,  as  he  fitted  those  very 
sash  himself  and  knoAvs  full  well  he  did  not  leave  them  in  any  such  state  as  he 
now  finds  them ; he  takes  out  the  sash,  planes  off  the  corners  where  they  bind 
and  makes  them  lock,  although  he  cannot  make  the  lock  rails  come  together 
level  as  they  ought  to,  yet  they  work  all  right,  so  that  will  do ; but  stop! 

Mrs. says  will  he  just  fix  the  pantry  door — it  touches  on  the  bottom 

and  shuts  hard;  he  lifts  it  off  its  hinges,  eases  it  and  replaces  it.  What  he 
took  off  the  bottom  corner  is  wanting  now  on  the  top.  Nothing  like  plenty 
of  play  you  think — better  have  them  small  enough  than  be  all  the  time 
troubled  this  way.  Well,  you  think  that  now  as  you  have  the  carpenter 
here  you  had  better  look  over  all  doors,  &c.,  and  have  a general  fixing  up; 
you  go  all  over  the  first  floor  and  fix  a catch  here  and  a bolt  there,  and  then 
pass  up  stairs  to  find  the  two  windows  in  rear  gable  over  Dining  Room 
don’t  work  as  well  as  they  might ; you  fix  them.  This  closet  door,  which 
is  just  over  pantry  door,  seems  to  bind  a little,  and  the  door  into  front 
Chamber  binds  on  the  bottom.  This  door  is  over  the  Parlor  door,  and  as  it 
is  hinged  on  contrary  side  to  Parlor  door,  it  binds  on  bottom  in  place  of  the 
top.  Ton  get  everything  put  in  working  order,  touch  up  your  painting, 
then  find  you  have  considerable  cracks  .in  the  Avail;  you  get  a mason  and 
have  them  all  fixed,  and  hoav  you  think  you  can  be  at  peace  and  have 
no  more  trouble;  you  have  often  heard  it  said  that  the  lumber  Avill  shrink 
.and  cause  Avails  to  crack,  doors  to  sag  and  things  to  settle  generally,  and 
.suppose  your  house  is  no  Avorse  than  any  other  in  this  respect. 

“ You  commenced  building  in  spring ; the  summer  is  passed  and  the  leaves 
fallen  from  the  trees — you  have  had  everything  as  you  think  made  snug  for 
winter;  you  start  up  your  fires  and  all  goes  as  merry  as  a marriage  bell 
until  Christmas  morning,  Avhen  you  come  doAvn  stairs  and  find  you  have 
three  doors  in  your  house  that  Avon’t  open.  They  seem  to  be  loose  enough 
■on  one  end,  but  really  it  looks  as  if  they  Avere  grown  in  on  the  other  end. 
Finally  you  succeed  in  prying  them  open,  only  to  find  they  cannot  be  shut 
.again,  and  upon  opening  the  window  of  your  Parlor  you  find  the  sash  lock 
very  hard  to  turn,  and  Avhen  it  has  been  opened  you  cannot  lock  it  again. 
It  is  impossible  for  you  to  understand  what  all  this  means,  and  it  is  such  a 
bitter  cold  morning  you  cannot  bother  about  it.  Upon  passing  out  of  your 
front  door  you  find  that  also  troubled  in  the  same  way  and  don’t  operate 
properly;  the  key  turns  hard  in  the  lock,  and  Avhen  turned  you  cannot 
relock  the  door.  You  don’t  know  Avhat  has  got  into  your  doors  and 
windows  and  with  the  thermometer  at  zero  you  don’t  feel  like  investigating 


palliser’s  model  homes 


13 


the  matter.  Then  what  is  it?  Why,  dear  sir,  it  is  Jack.  Don’t  you  know 
him?  Jack  Frost;  he  has  been  in  an  elevating  mood  the  last  night  or  two, 
having  now  penetrated  some  15  inches  into  the  ground,  and  as  he  burrows 
into  the  ground  he  expands,  and  as  there  is  only  one  way  for  him  to  grow, 
and  that  upwards,  why  up  he  comes,  and  up  your  house  comes  with  him ; 
and  as  the  verandas  keep  off  a good  deal  of  frost  from  walls,  where  they  are 
so  covered  up,  there  Jack  has  not  gone  as  deep;  consequently  one  part  of 
your  house  is  raised  somewhat  higher  than  the  others — hence  the  confusion 
among  doors  and  windows.  Things  go  on  rising  and  falling,  the  doors  shut 
and  then  they  don’t,  and  you  are  all  the  time  fluctuating  with  the  weather, 
now  up  and  then  down. 

“ When  winter  is  over  and  Jack  is  leaving  for  foreign  parts,  you  are  in  a 
general  uproar.  The  water  soaks  through  your  beautiful  and  economical 
cellar  wall,  the  cement  flakes  off  in  big  pieces,  bringing  with  it  large  pieces 
of  earth,  the  water  is  oozing  and  trickling  into  your  cellar  and  your  whole 
house  is  in  a general  dilapidated  condition,  roof  leaking  at  chimneys,  and 
you  are  entirely  discouraged.  At  this  time,  one  year  from  commencement 
of  building,  what  have  you  ? a rickety  tumble  down  house,  not  lit  for  man 
to  live  in  and  not  safe.  The  way  to  avoid  this  trouble — the  same  old  story 
we  have  repeated  to  our  clients  hundreds  of  times — is  to  keep  both  ears 
open;  one  to  take  in  the  advice  from  your  neighbors  and  the  other  to  let  it 
out.  Bead,  mark,  learn  and  inwardly  digest  the  drawings  and  specifications 
we  sent  you.  Go  by  them,  deviating  neither  to  the  right  or  the  left  and 
the  general  result  will  be  as  directly  opposite  from  the  result  as  here 
described  as  it  is  possible  to  be— for  as  a sure  foundation  is  the  keystone  of 
success  in  everything,  so  must  every  house  have  a sure  foundation  under  it, 
so  that  all  its  parts  when  built  will  be  retained  in  their  proper  position,  and 
insure  a harmonious  working  of  the  whole. 

Yours  very  truly,  PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO.” 


Employment  of  Architects. 


The  American  public  only  require  to  be  shown  what  well  qualified  architects  really  can  and 
ought  to  do  for  them,  to  appreciate  and  remunerate  them  accordingly. 

Verburn  sat  Sapieriti. 

When  any  one  contemplates  building,  no  matter  whether  it  is  a building 
to  cost  but  $500,  if  he  is  wise  he  will  consult  an  architect  with  reference  to 
its  design,  construction,  &c.,  and  this  is  usually  done,  except  with  those  who 
cannot  be  taught  anything  in  architecture,  or  that  other  class  who  are  igno- 
rant and  think  they  cannot  afford  to  pay  an  architect.  If  the  latter  is  really 
true  they  certainly  cannot  afford  to  build. 

Some  people  have  an  idea  that  it  is  useless  to  employ  an  architect  unless 
for  an  important  building  and  that  for  ordinary  dwelling  houses  a builder 


14 


pallisek’s  model  homes. 


is  all  that  is  necessary  to  carry  out  their  wishes.  But  it  must  he  remem- 
bered that  a builder  is  not  an  architect  and  that  he  has  no  convictions 
unless  in  regard  to  the  mechanical  mysteries  of  his  trade,  where  his  employer 
■cannot  follow  him  ; and,  not  finding  them  in  his  way,  is  content  to  leave 
them  uncrossed.  The  employer,  knowing  that  the  mechanic  expects  to  be 
■directed,  does  not  hesitate  to  watch  him  and  follow  him  up  with  instruc- 
tions. He  ends  by  securing  at  least  the  particular  things  on  which  his 
mind  is  set;  and  if  he  fails  of  a good  many  conveniences  and  elegancies 
which  the  skillful  adjustment  of  an  architect  would  give  him,  he  does  not 
know  it  and  so  does  not  miss  them. 

It  is  a well  known  fact  that  when  a builder  has  complete  drawings  to 
Avork  from,  that  he  will  save  a large  amount  of  time  that  he  Avonld  other- 
Avise  have  to  spend  in  thinking  up  every  detail  of  the  work  as  it  progresses, 
1c  say  nothing  of  the  time  the  employer  would  have  to  spend  w i th  him.  The 
possible  alterations  in  the  work  caused  by  advice  from  his  friends  or  his 
study  by  practice,  is  money  saved,  by  having  a thoroughly  studied  and 
prepared  design  from  which  no  deviations  are  made  and  which  Avould  enable 
the  builder  to  go  through  Avith  the  Avork  Avith  the  utmost  despatch. 

Architects,  like  other  professional  men,  come  in  contact  Avith  all  sorts  of 
■clients.  Perhaps  the  best  are  those  who  have  in  mind  an  ideal  house,  which 
they  wish,  Avith  the  assistance  of  an  architect,  to  put  into  a tangible  shape. 
■One  who  has  given  the  subject  thought  can  easily  describe  the  arrangement 
of  rooms  that  would  best  please  him,  and  Avhat  adjuncts  seem  to  him  indis- 
pensible;  and  if  he  has  a partiality  for  any  particular  style,  the  architect 
Avould  be  glad  to  know  it.  With  this  imformation  before  him,  and  knowing 
what  the  client  Avould  be  willing  to  spend  on  the  house,  the  architect  can 
work  understandingly ; and  you  may  rest  assured  he  Avill  perpetrate  nothing 
that  Avill  be  in  violation  of  good  taste.  When  we  say  this  it  is  understood 
that  the  architect  is  one  of  ability  and  standing  and  Avorthy  his  client’s 
confidence. 

Some  people  are  in  the  habit  of  forming  a vague  idea  of  what  they  Avant, 
founded  merely  on  Avhat  they  have  seen,  with  such  changes,  omissions  or 
.additions  as  their  education  and  circumstances  suggest;  they  give  their 
ideas  and  instructions  to  the  architect,  while  at  the  same  time  they  impress 
upon  him  the  necessity  of  adhering  to  a certain  limit  of  cost,  as  if  it  were 
in  his  power  to  give  them  Avhat  accommodation  he  pleases  for  their  money, 
Avhen  it  can  only  buy  so  much  material  and  labor  according  to  their  prices, 
and  he  can  only  exercise  his  ingenuity  and  judgment  in  such  a Avay  as  to 
make  the  most  of  them. 

The  architect  at  the  outset  identifies  himself  Avith  his  client’s  interests; 
and  they  should  not  lose  sight  of  their  relative  position.  The  architect 
should  be  frank  and  the  client  should  give  the  architect  his  confidence  the 
.same  as  he  Avould  his  physician.  If  the  sum  the  client  is  Avilling  to  invest 
is  not  sufficient  to  pay  for  the  building  that  he  requires  and  expects  to 
have,  the  architect  should  tell  him  so  ; and  it  is  much  better  for  the  archi- 
tect’s interest  as  Avell  as  the  client’s  that  the  disappointment  should  be 
suffered  because  the  project  must  be  modified  or  abandoned  than  because 
it  has  involved  an  unexpected  expenditure.  There  should  be  a thoroughly 
confidential  relation  between  an  architect  and  his  client,  a relation  which 
is  not  like  an  ordinary  business  negotiation,  but  is  rather  like  that  of  a legal 
adviser.  It  is  to  the  client’s  advantage  to  use  the  utmost  freedom  of  con- 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


15 


saltation,  and  to  take  care  that  his  work  is  not  made  less  satisfactory  by 
hurrying  it,  nor  by  taking  for  granted  things  that  might  be  explained. 

There  are  many  difficulties  that  might  be  obviated  by  the  architect,  and 
there  are  many  that  require  the  cooperation  of  the  architect  and  client  to 
remove. 

There  are  few  persons  who  do  not  intend  to  build  sometime  in  their  lives, 
and  people  should  always  live  in  a home  of  their  own,  no  matter  how 
humble  that  home  may  be.  Better  only  have  two  rooms  to  live  in  than  be 
without  a hearthstone  of  their  own,  leading  a life  which  is  destined  to  be 
fraught  with  all  that  lacks  an  interest  in  practical  things,  and  leads  to  a 
life  which  is  sure  to  warp  and  run  into  the  quicksands  of  nonchalance  and 
a don’t-careism  for  all  occupation  and  responsibility  of  the  home  pleasures 
and  comforts  that  surround  the  happy  possessors  of  homes. 

The  custom  which  is  becoming  a general  one — for  each  one  who  contem- 
plates building  to  mark  out  some  idea  of  the  arrangement  of  rooms,  &c., 
suited  to  their  wants  is  a good  one,  and  should  be  studied  more  by  those 
about  to  build  than  is  usually  the  case,  and  then  submitting  your  ideas  to 
your  architect  to  be  by  him  worked  up  into  practical  shape.  If  by  making 
an  effort  to  express  in  this  way  an  idea  you  think  good,  or  as  inexperienced 
people  often  have  it,  perfect  and  cannot  be  bettered,  you  hesitate  to  submit 
this  expression  to  your  architect  because  he  is  better  informed  than  your- 
self, in  the  fear  of  provoking  jnore  criticisms  than  praises,  such  would  not 
be  modesty,  but  a sentiment  of  ill  placed  pride  that  frequently  deprives  you 
of  advice  which  could  not  fail  to  be  valuable.  When  one  has  done  the  best 
he  can  he  must  not  shrink  from  criticism,  for  that  is  the  only  means  of 
finding  out  what  is  deficient,  and  consequently  the  best  way  to  ascertain 
what  is  really  wanting  in  the  work.  People  cannot  begin  too  early  to  discuss 
their  plans  and  think  the  matter  over  before  committing  themselves  to  what 
they  may  wish  otherwise  when  it  is  too  late. 

The  usual  way  of  employing  an  architect  is  to  wait  till  the  last  moment, 
and  then  tell  him  that  the  building  must  be  completed  by  a certain  short 
time.  How  much  wiser  it  would  be  to  commence  consulting  and  planning 
six  months  or  a year  before  building  actually  begins,  study  drawings  and 
designs ; in  fact  educate  one’s  self  to  know  what  one  does  want,  and  as  far 
as  possible  what  one  ought  to  want.  Such  a course  would  often  result  in 
discouragement.  But  even  suppose  that  a man  pays  a considerable  sum  for 
advice,  sketches,  &c. ; and  spends  some  of  his  time  in  artistic  and  practical 
study  and  discussion.  We  say  suppose  he  does  this,  when,  after  all  said 
and  done,  he  concludes  not  to  build ; has  he  wasted  his  time  and  his  money  ? 
Not  at  all.  He  has  spent  both  in  gaining  a peace  of  mind  and  confidence 
in  his  convictions  that  are  worth  much  more  in  comparison  to  the  dissatis- 
faction that  so  often  follows  building,  to  say  nothing  of  the  increase  of  his 
general  information  and  consequent  enjoyment. 

How  many  men  are  saying  at  this  time  : “ If  I build  again,  I should  know 
better  than  adopt  this  or  that,  or  plan  or  build  in  this  way!”  There  are 
only  two  ways  to  avoid  this  disappointment — either  to  take  the  trouble  to 
educate  one’s  self  as  we  have  suggested,  or,  as  most  Englishmen  do,  to  select 
an  architect  on  whose  taste,  ability  and  character  you  can  rely,  and  let  him 
alone.  The  former  of  these  alternatives  will  not  always  prove  successful, 
because  there  are  those  whose  natural  inclinations  are  not  artistic,  and 
again,  those  whose  natural  inclinations  are  not  practical. 


1G 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


The  second  alternative  is  undoubtedly  the  one  for  most  persons  to  pursue, 
although  it  may  be,  that,  however  competent  and  tasteful  an  architect  may 
be,  he  still  may  not  produce  a work  that  is  to  your  taste.  But,  with  few 
exceptions,  is  it  not  your  taste  at  fault  ? A person  cannot  be  said  to  have 
an  opinion  upon  a matter  of  architecture,  any  more  than  upon  a composi- 
tion in  music,  Avithout  more  or  less  special  study,  according  to  the  bent  of 
his  mind ; because  architecture,  like  music,  is  an  artificial  art ; not  pretend- 
ing to  represent  any  natural  object. 

In  architecture  taste  i3  governed  by  several  Avell  defined  excellencies ; and 
a building  in  Avhole  or  in  part,  is  good  or  bad  as  a matter  of  fact,  dependent 
upon  no  individual  judgment.  In  the  first  place,  there  is  the  excellence  of 
plan  to  meet  certain  requirements,  which  is  indisputable  ; and  this  is  closely 
allied  to  the  aesthetic ; for  the  best  plan  is  that  one  which,  while  it  fulfills 
the  practical  needs  of  the  project,  also  admits  of  an  artistic  treatment,  ex- 
pressive of  the  purpose.  A plan  may  be  admirably  adapted  to  the  purpose 
of  a building,  Avliile  the  building  has  no  other  merit;  but  this  only  sIioavs 
that  another  disposition  should  haAre  been  made  of  the  plan,  retaining  its 
fitness,  Avliile  it  should  be  the  most  economical  one  consistent  with  mechan- 
ical and  scientific  principals.  In  regard  to  expression,  there  is  the  tradi- 
tional, the  practical,  and  the  sensual;  sensual  meaning  the  expression  due 
to  form  and  color,  Avithout  regard  to  the  purpose,  of  the  building. 

Sensual  beauty  in  architecture,  at  all  events,  is  not  a matter  of  opinion. 
There  are  combinations  and  relations  of  form  and  color  that  are  disagree- 
able to  the  eye  for  scientific  reasons,  and  those  reasons  the  same  for  Avhich 
some  combinations  of  musical  notes  are  painful  to  the  ear;  and  combi- 
nations of  form  and  color  can  be  refined  to  the  same  extent  that  those  of 
musical  tones  can  be.  There  are  millions  of  people  Avho  derive  more  enjoy- 
ment from  listening  to  a hand  organ  playing  a popular  air,  than  they  could 
possibly  appreciate  from  hearing  Beethoven’s  Seventh  Symphony;  but  do 
Ave  doubt  for  an  instant  that  this  preference  is  clue  to  a lack 'of  education  or 
of  a sense  of  music  ? 

To  judge  of  the  practical  excellence  of  an  architectural  design,  one  must 
unquestionably  know  something  of  materials,  and  their  uses  and  possibili- 
ties, to  determine  Avhether  the  result  has  been  achieved  with  economy  and 
in  the  best  manner.  This  excellence,  then,  must  be  a fact,  and  not  an 
opinion. 

Then,  as  to  expression;  a building,  or  any  part  of  one,  should  suggest  its 
uses  as  far  as  possible;  for  it  would  be  absurd,  manifestly,  to  be  unable  to 
decide,  even  at  the  distance  of  half  a mile,  Avhich  of  three  buildings  is  a 
church,  a prison,  or  a dwelling  house ; and,  on  a neai’er  approach,  the  detail 
and  disposition,  external  and  internal,  should  carry  out  the  first  impression. 
These  distinctions,  again,  can  be  refined  act  infinitum;  and  good  taste 
should  forbid  an  attempt  to  deceive,  and  should  avoid  shams  and  imposi- 
tions as  an  element  of  vulgarity. 

There  are  too  many  buildings  assuming  the  air  of  Grecian  or  Roman 
temples,  Avitli  the  aid  of  sham  decoration  that  is  as  vulgar  as  false  jeAvelry. 
Sham  decoration  may  be  made  up  of  expensive  materials,  and  still  be  sham 
as  decoration  ; for  all  decoration  should  be  functional  aesthetically ; that  is, 
its  use  should  be  to  emphasize  the  natural  expression  of  the  Avork.  In 
short,  if  a building  is  founded  upon  the  best  plan  for  its  purpose,  its 
exterior  and  interior  follow  as  a matter  of  course,  either  intimating  the 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


17 


other’s  dispositions,  and  explaining  them ; the  detail  being  confined  to  the 
explanation  of  parts,  and  being  in  some  instances  phonetic. 

Clients  should  bear  in  mind  that  the  responsibility  of  saying  they  do  not 
like  that  or  this  design  can  only  be  indulged  in  by  those  who  have  acquired 
a knowledge  of  the  art ; and  these  seldom  express  themselves  until  they  have 
endeavored  to  fathom  the  artist’s  intention,  knowing  that  a good  work  does 
not  show  itself  in  all  its  advantages  at  a glance,  and  that  to  condemn  a work, 
without  knowing  why,  is  to  confess  one’s  self  a child  in  discretion. 

It  is  astonishing  what  ridiculous  suggestions  and  objections  clients  will 
make  when  a design  is  being  prepared  for  them.  For  instance,  a case  we 
had  a short  time  ago.  A client  came  to  us  to  prepare  him  a design  to  cost 
$2,500;  the  floor  plans  were  laid  out  and  made  to  his  satisfaction;  then  we 
made  the  elevations,  but  he  objected  to  an  open  timber  cornice  on  his 
house,  because  he  thought  it  would  look  like  what  they  always  put  on  barns. 
We  talked  with  him  a long  time,  and  after  seeing  other  and  more  costly 
houses  than  his  with  the  same  finish,  he  concluded  that  we  were  right,  and 
that  if  he  had  known  at  first  what  he  learned  by  a little  study,  he  would  not 
have  been  so  foolish  as  to  make  such  an  objection.  This  party  also  made 
many  other  objections,  in  some  of  which  we  showed  him  he  was  wrong, 
while  in  others  our  arguments  were  useless  and  he  would  have  his  own  way. 
This  is  one  of  the  many  instances  that  has  come  under  our  notice,  though 
they  are  of  rare  occurrence  now-a-days.  Finally,  we  ascertained  where  the 
trouble  laid — it  was  with  an  old  fogy  of  a carpenter  who  was  to  erect  the 
building,  and  from  whom  our  client  was  receiving  his  education  in  archi- 
tecture— from  an  ignorant  village  carpenter,  who  did  not  know  how  the 
cornice  or  any  other  part  of  the  work — as  designed  by  us — was  constructed 
until  he  received  the  working  details;  all  he  knew  was  what  he  had  done 
before  over  and  over,  and  he  had  never  studied  anything  outside  of  the 
village  in  which  he  lived,  and  in  which  the  houses  are  made  up  of  white 
boxes  with  green  blinds.  Such  men  as  these  are  stumbling  blocks  in  the 
way  of  architecture  in  the  village  and  country,  and  we  would  strongly  advise 
any  one  who  intends  to  build  to  let  such  men  severely  alone. 

Had  this  builder  been  any  sort  of  draughtsman,  we  presume  our  client 
would  never  have  come  to  us,  but  would  have  had  his  builder  scratched  out 
his  ideas  on  paper,  or  perhaps  on  a board,  and  then  commenced  building 
without  any  regard  to  taste  or  proportion  or  anything  else;  that  is  the 
manner  in  which  many  of  the  dwellings  are  erected  throughout  the  country, 
and  why  we  see  so  much  bad  architecture.  Of  course,  in  this  way  people 
have  not  to  pay  for  the  services  of  an  architect,  and  some  clients  are  apt 
to  lose  sight  of  the  fact  that  a poor  article  can  always  be  had  for  a small 
price. 

We  have  known  instances  where  several  builders,  irresponsible  and  with- 
out credit,  have  been  at  work  preparing  drawings  for  the  same  person  who 
was  thinking  of  building,  with  the  understanding  that  they  were  not  to  re- 
ceive any  remuneration  for  their  drawings,  but  they  were  simply  doing  this  to 
try  and  get  the  work.  This  would  no  doubt  be  a good  thing  for  the  client, 
provided  the  drawings  were  of  merit,  as  they  would  assist  him  in  some  meas- 
ure in  getting  his  ideas  and  wants  together;  but  we  have  to  warn  the  public 
against  such  a proceeding,  as  no  man  can  work  for  nothing,  and  if  one  of 
these  builders  should  secure  the  work,  depend  on  it  he  will  make  up  for  this 
in  a manner  that  will  not  be  noticed  by  the  owner. 


18 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Care  should  always  be  taken  by  parties  who  have  buildings  to  erect,  to 
ascertain  the  standing  and  character  of  the  builder  about  to  be  engaged;  it 
would  be  well  to  examine  some  of  the  work  he  has  done,  and  question  the 
owners  of  buildings  recently  erected  by  him  as  to  the  manner  in  which  he 
did  his  business  and  work.  When  a competition  for  work  is  opened  it 
would  be  well  to  allow  only  reliable  builders — either  of  whom  would  do  the 
work  well — to  estimate  on  the  wrork,  but  it  is  too  often  the  case  that  the 
client  gives  every  applicant  a chance,  especially  those  who  have  the  reputation 
for  turning  out  work  at  a low  figure.  One  of  these  men,  without  capital 
and  with  little  or  no  credit,  is  pretty  sure  to  get  the  job,  and  the  client  sees 
only  the  difference  in  figures.  And  yet  it  is  vain  to  hope  that  a builder 
will  give  his  employers  a dollar’s  worth  for  ninety  cents;  he  may  contract 
to  do  so,  but  depend  upon  it,  that  as  the  grocer,  who  offers  to  sell  coffee 
ready  ground  for  less  than  he  asks  for  the  green  berry,  will  supply  us  with 
anything  but  Java  or  even  Rio.  So  the  builder  will  contrive  to  cheat  in 
some  way  to  avoid  a loss  he  would  otherwise  sustain — no  matter  how  much 
he  may  be  watched,  frauds  will  be  smuggled  in  by  a man  who  is  forced  to 
make  himself  whole.  The  moment  one’s  back  is  turned,  the  foreman — like 
master,  like  man — puts  in  inferior  stock  where  it  can  be  speedily  covered 
up,  and  scanty  nailing  where  it  cannot  be  detected  till  a future  seasoning  of 
the  wood  work  reveals  the  fraud. 

Take  for  example  the  laying  of  a floor;  one  may  examine  the  stock,  and 
have  the  good  separated  from  the  bad;  and  when  the  work  is  done  his  eye 
may  not  be  able  to  detect  the  introduction  of  any  of  the  inferior  quality,  if 
the  builder  has  been  smart  enough  to  lay  it  with  the  sappy  side  down.  It  all 
looks  well,  but  how  about  the  nailing?  One  comes  in  from  time  to  time, 
suddenly  and  unexpectedly;  the  men  keep  on  with  their  work,  and  put  down 
the  board  they  have  just  squeezed  into  its  place,  nailing  it  properly  and  as  it 
should  be.  Another  and  another  board  is  nailed  in  the  same  manner,  but 
immediately  one’s  back  is  turned,  one  nail  is  made  to  do  the  duty  of  four  or 
five.  A client  who  expects  the  architect  to  have  his  design  satisfactorily 
carried  out  by  such  men,  expects  him  to  make  bricks  without  straw. 

We  have  had  a great  amount  of  experience  with  this  class  of  builders,  who 
have  taken  work  for  a less  amount  than  it  was  possible  to  do  it  at,  and  with 
whom  it  was  a terrible  warfare  all  through,  and  consequently  they  give  archi- 
tects a hard  name  because  they  are  compelled  by  the  architect  or  superinten- 
dent to  do  their  work  as  they  contracted  to  do  it,  and  they  lost  by  it,  to  the 
disadvantage  of  lumber  dealers  and  others  who  furnished  material,  and  to 
the  utter  disgust  of  owner  and  architect.  Such  builders  are  not  likely  to  be 
recommended  to  others. 

We  have  taken  down  rod  after  rod  of  what  appeared  on  the  face  to  be  a 
good  foundation  wall,  for  the  reason  that  the  mason  had  only  used  mortar 
on  the  face  of  the  wall  and  had  left  the  rest  dry.  Dishonest  at  heart,  and 
this  feeling  intensified  by  the  desire  to  get  out  of  the  job  without  loss, 
he  and  his  men  become  lynx-eyed;  and  the  moment  they  see  any  one 
approaching  who  would  be  likely  to  inspect  their  work,  they  hurry  on  the 
mortar  and  strive  to  cover  up  their  tracks. 

We  have  no  intention  of  crying  down  the  honest  and  conscientious 
builder,  who  will  do  his  very  best  whether  he  is  doing  work  from  an  archi- 
tect’s drawings  or  trying  to  carry  out  his  employer’s  ideas;  to  such  we  hold 
out  the  right  hand  of  fellowship,  and  say  keep  on  in  your  path,  do  good  work 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


19 


and  you  will  always  be  busy.  The  day  is  not  far  distant  when  responsible 
builders  and  good  work  will  be  employed  more  than  they  have  been  hitherto. 

There  are  a thousand  frauds  that  are  practiced  by  dishonest  builders,  who 
resort  to  every  measure  to  enable  them  to  underbid  reliable  and  good  men. 
It  is  the  old  story  of  trying  to  get  the  maximum  of  show  for  the  minimum 
of  outlay.  Everything  is  cheapened,  even  the  work  of  building  dams  to 
retain  millions  of  gallons  of  water,  which  we  know,  if  let  loose,  by  the  giv- 
ing-way  of  the  wall,  would  carry  loss  and  distress  to  hundreds  of  homes.  We 
want  to  know  from  our  own  experience  if  it  be  possible  for  a horse  to  live  on 
a straw  a day,  and  to  see  if  we  cannot  solve  the  problem  that  would  make 
one  dollar  do  the  work  of  two.  We  say  let  such  builders  alone  as  you  would 
an  architect  who  has  had  no  professional  training,  who  is  impracticable  and  of 
whose  work  you  know  nothing;  then  you  will  not  be  heard  to  say  when  the 
work  is  completed  I would,  have  given  two  hundred  dollars  more  to  so  and 
so — some  one  they  know  does  good  work — and  had  him  do  the  work. 

We  need  not  discuss  the  absurdity  of  an  architect  making  drawings  for 
approval  by  individuals,  and  yet  we  know  of  architects  making  sketches  and 
drawings  for  parties  under  the  alternative  sometimes  offered  by  quacks — 
no  cure  no  pay.  This  is  adopted  by  some  architects  in  their  daily  practice, 
to  secure  their  clients  by  a sort  of  trap.  These  same  architects,  when  they 
hear  of  any  one  about  to  build,  will  flock  around  him  and  offer  to  do  this, 
although  they  know  that  an  architect  has  already  been  employed — while 
common  decency  requires  that  they  should  refuse  to  have  anything  to  do 
with  work  with  which  another  architect  is  engaged  unless  called  in  by  him 
for  consultation — and  they  will  oft-times  resort  to  the  basest  means  to  try 
and  have  the  client  dismiss  the  architect  whom  he  has  already  consulted.  It 
is  needless  to  advise  any  one  what  to  do  with  such  interlopers,  as  any  man 
can  at  once  read  their  character.  Fancy  a number  of  physicians  running  to 
a house  where  some  one  is  ill  and  acting  in  this  wise. 

There  are  clients  who  think  that  they  may  try  on  architects  as  they  try  on 
hats,  not  expecting  to  pay  for  any  but  the  one  they  like  best.  It  is  unneces- 
sary for  us  to  waste  time  in  showing  the  unreasonableness  of  this  notion, 
and  we  regret  that  it  is  encouraged  by  what  is  called  the  ragged  fringe  of 
the  profession. 

It  is  astonishing  to  see  so  many,  who  are  otherwise  intelligent  business 
men,  offering  their  architects  every  temptation  to  rob  them,  by  driving  bar- 
gains which  a little  thought  would  convince  any  one  cannot  afford  a compe- 
tence. 

In  regard  to  just  remuneration  for  professional  services,  any  man  of  busi- 
ness knows  that  to  have  your  business  conscientiously  and  properly  attended 
to,  one  must  engage  persons  who  are  honest  and  capable,  and  that  such  can- 
not be  had  for  nothing.  It  must  be  remembered  that  an  architect’s  fees  are 
earned  rather  more  by  the  protection  he  affords  his  client,  than  for  his  design 
and  working  drawings,  with  their  accompanying  specification,  though  this 
latter  is  a most  important  document,  and  is  too  often  inexplicit  and  danger- 
ously general  in  its  provisions,  entailing  extras  for  which  there  is  no  excuse 
but  the  ambiguity  of  the  description.  In  fact,  it  requires  a thoroughly 
competent  architect  to  draw  up  a complete  specification — an  exhaustive 
description  of  the  work  in  every  particular. 

Some  time  ago  we  were  employed  by  a Committee  to  design  a Church, 
and  they  informed  us  that  an  architect  had  offered  his  services  for  nothing, 


20 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


but  even  at  that  they  said  his  services  would  have  been  dear.  Also  in  the 
matter  of  a large  public  building  on  which  we  were  engaged,  an  architect 
offered  his  services  for  1 \ per  cent,  less  than  we  were  paid,  and  no  doubt 
there  are  plenty  of  people  ready  to  take  a position  without  remuneration 
beyond  what  they  can  steal. 

So  little  does  the  public  appreciate  the  difference  in  the  skill  and  labor  of 
one  architect  and  another,  that  they  often  allow  a paltry  difference  in  charges 
of  one-half  per  cent,  of  cost — a difference  which  he  would  think  trivial  in 
comparing  the  merits  of  two  existing  buildings  if  he  were  purchasing — de- 
termine the  choice  between  architects,  without  regard  to  the  qualification  on 
which  the  whole  success  or  failure  of  the  building  will  depend.  It  should 
be  borne  in  mind  that  it  requires  from  seven  to  ten  years  of  study  and  close 
application  to  be  reasonably  admissible  to  practice,  and  for  this  time  and 
cost  of  preparation  the  architect  is  entitled  to  as  fair  a return  as  any  invest- 
ment of  time  and  money  can  be. 

If  you  get  cinders  in  your  iron,  it  is  because  there  are  cinders  in  the  pay ; 
there  is  always  good  iron  to  be  had. 

Our  advice  to  every  one  who  contemplates  building  is:  secure  the  services 
of  a really  well-trained  and  capable  architect,  pay  him  properly  and  be  guided 
by  his  judgment  and  experience — this  will  also  be  the  advice  of  any  one  who 
is  experienced  in  such  matters,  and  others  who  regret  that  they  built  with- 
out such  aid.  Of  course  every  one  has  their  peculiar  wishes  to  be  provided 
for,  and  all  these  should  be  presented  to  your  architect  before  he  com- 
mences the  design.  Architects  have  their  own  ideas  as  to  what  form  the 
building  ought  to  take,  and  should  be  allowed  to  use  their  own  cultivated 
taste,  which  it  has  taken  years  of  constant  study  to  acquire,  and  this 
should  not  be  thrown  away  for  any  momentary  caprice,  which  the  client 
would  be  sorry  for  in  the  end. 

It  is  the  legitimate  claim  of  an  architect,  that  his  skill  enables  him  not  only 
to  contribute  his  own  ideas  of  comfort  and  beauty,  but  to  satisfy  the  special 
wants  of  his  client — to  carry  out  his  wishes,  and  even  whims,  if  need  be, 
more  successfully  than  another,  provided  he  is  made  fully  acquainted  with 
these  wants  and  wishes;  and  the  architect's  claim  is  pretty  generally 
acknowledged  now-a-days  where  his  profession  is  well  established. 


Responsibility  of  Architects. 


The  architect  has  far  more  to  do  with  the  health,  and  usefulness,  and  long  life  of  the  family  which  he 
shelters,  than  the  physician  can  ever  have,  and  he  is  in  far  greater  degree  answerable  for  its  ailments  and 
its  weaknesses,  and  its  early  deaths. 

Pro  bono  publico. 

Who  is  responsible  for  the  hideous  structures  which  are  daily  erected 
throughout  the  country,  staring  good  taste  out  of  countenance  ? The  archi- 
tects are  not  alone  responsible  for  the  crudities  that  take  shape  under  their 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


21 


hands.  It  is  the  client  who  is  really  to  blame,  in  a majority  of  cases,  for 
giving  birth  to  these  monstrosities;  but  it  is  the  architect  whose  name  is 
associated  with  them  who  has  to  bear  the  odium. 

Some  one  has  said  that  nearly  every  man  thinks  he  knows  something 
about  both  building  and  finance.  It  is  true,  but  the  views  of  the  wiseacre 
are  not  equally  strong  on  both  subjects;  for,  while  he  hesitates  to  invest  his 
money  without  the  advice  of  those  who  are  more  experienced  in  such  mat- 
ters, he  never  questions  his  ability  either  to  plan  a house  or  to  criticise  a 
design.  If  he  has  sickness  in  his  family,  he  does  not  presume  to  advise  his 
physician  as  to  the  proper  mode  of  treatment ; nor  would  he  feel  warranted 
in  suggesting  to  his  lawyer  how  to  carry  on  an  important  suit;  but,  when  it 
comes  to  house  building,  that  is  wholly  a different  thing.  There  he  feels  at 
home,  and  will  have  everything  his  own  way.  In  his  eyes  the  architect  is 
but  little  more  than  one  employed  to  carry  out  his  views,  and  not  to 
thwart  him  with  suggestions  of  his  own. 

How  galling  it  is  to  the  architect  who  is  full  of  enthusiasm  and  ready  to 
give  his  client  his  best,  to  be  called  upon  to  construct  that  which  will  be  in 
violation  of  the  simplest  rules  of  his  profession,  to  be  asked  to  put  up  and 
father  the  crudities  that  even  the  owner  will  be  ashamed  of  when  they  are 
criticised  by  his  better  informed  friends!  Men  who  ask  these  things  are  as 
set  in  their  views  as  they  are  ignorant  of  the  laws  of  harmony  and  propor- 
tion. You  will  hear  people  say,  “ when  I build  my  house  I will  have  it  as  I 
want  it  or  not  at  all.”  The  client  has  it  as  he  wants  it,  the  architect’s  argu- 
ment being  thrown  away  on  one  who  thinks  he  is  the  better  informed  of  the 
two;  his  efforts  to  lead  his  client  into  the  right  channels  are  wasted,  and  he 
sees  now  as  he  has  seen  before,  and  will  see  in  the  future,  that  he  must  do 
the  work  as  laid  out  or  throw  up  that  which  will  be  worse  than  drudgery  to 
him,  from  beginning  to  end.  He  would  be  wise  if  he  were  to  throw  up  his 
pencil  rather  than  accept  the  blame  which  in  a great  part  belongs  to 
another. 

When  will  the  world  learn  the  truth  of  the  adage  “ He  who  would  be  his 
own  architect  will  have  a fool  for  a client  ?”  He  who  would  trammel  his  archi- 
tect after  he  has  given  him  his  general  instructions,  would  so  dictate  to  him 
that  the  work  when  completed  must  of  necessity  be  a hodge-podge,  is  as  un- 
wise as  he  who  calls  in  no  professional  aid.  Nay,  of  the  two  the  latter  does 
the  least  mischief ; for  he  only  holds  up  to  the  world  the  evidence  of  his  own 
folly,  instead  of  shifting  the  load  to  the  shoulders  of  another. 

We  are  aware  that  a fraction  of  the  public  still  regard  an  architect  as  a 
mere  draughtsman — an  artist  perhaps,  but  a sort  of  necessary  evil  whose 
duty  is  to  make  upon  paper  the  picture  of  a building. 

What  do  people  realize  of  the  actual  responsibility  which  rests  upon  their 
architect  or  the  extent  to  which  their  lives  are  in  his  hand?  Talk  of  the 
responsibility  of  a physician:  that  is  indeed  great.  If  your  friend  falls  ill 
he  calls  upon  his  good  doctor  to  lead  him  back  to  health ; and  if  possible 
this  is  done:  if  not,  one  man  dies.  The  physician  was  not  responsible  for 
the  illness;  he  did  his  best  to  counteract  it  but  failed,  and  he  is  not  blamed. 
But  suppose  your  friend,  being  in  good  health,  takes  tickets  for  himself,  his 
wife  and  children,  to  the  opening  of  some  new  room,  hall  or  theatre,  which 
an  architect  has  built.  He  goes  with  hundreds,  perhaps  thousands  under 
the  excitement  of  the  pleasure  of  an  opening  night.  Does  he,  or  any  of  that 
audience,  realize  for  an  instant  what  they  have  done — that  they  have  placed 


22 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


their  lives  in  the  architect’s  hand  and  he  has  accepted  the  trust.  We  know 
that  if  by  some  error  or  oversight  of  the  architect,  or  had  he  miscalculated 
in  this  or  that  or  the  other  direction,  the  lives  of  your  friend  and  family, 
with  scores  of  others,  are  not  worth  the  price  of  their  tickets.  But  do  they 
know  this  ? Probably  not ; and  it  may  be  a merciful  dispensation  of  Provi- 
dence which  blinds  them  to  the  fact.  But  ignorance  or  parsimony  upon 
the  part  of  those  who  are  responsible  for  the  erection  of  such  buildings, 
leading  them  to  trifle  with  their  safety,  to  employ  incompetent  builders,  or, 
if  consulting  an  architect  of  ability,  to  restrict  him  or  in  any  way  limit  him 
within  the  proper  scope  of  his  office  is  criminal. 

Many  architects  have  allowed  their  judgment  to  be  overruled  by  their 
client,  for  fear  that  they  would  lose  their  employment  by  insisting  upon 
what  they  know  to  be  right  as  a matter  of  construction  or  material,  and 
many  a building  has  settled  or  failed  in  some  particular  because  the  archi- 
tect had  not  the  pluck  to  assert  his  locus  standi,  while  the  injury  to  his 
reputation  is  greater  than  if  he  had  stood  his  ground,  and  lost  his  client; 
or,  still  more,  if  his  client  had  left  him  and  found  an  architect  less  scrupu- 
lous. In  either  case,  when  the  failure  finally  occurs,  his  judgment  and  in- 
tegrity would  be  apparent,  and  would  gain  as  much  prestige  for  him  as  his 
having  built  the  building  successfully. 

In  Prance  an  architect  is  held  responsible  to  the  whole  extent  of  his 
means  for  work  done  under  him,  and  this  gives  him  an  authority  which  his 
client  is  bound  to  respect ; while  it  insures  his  conscientious  exertion.  If 
this  were  the  case  in  this  country  there  would  be  less  building  accidents 
reported  through  the  daily  press,  and  the  number  of  unqualified  persons 
advertising  themselves  as  architects  would  greatly  diminish.  One  should  no 
more  employ  an  architect  than  he  would  a physician  without  knowing  some- 
thing of  his  ability  and  standing. 

The  profession  of  an  architect  is  closely  identified  with  that  of  public 
health,  and  as  sanitarians  in  the  construction  of  every  kind  of  building, 
whether  it  be  a stable,  private  dwelling  or  public  building,  the  vastness  of 
their  responsibility  is  at  once  evident. 

“Died  of  a bad  air.”  IIow  often  these  words  might,  with  truth,  be  in- 
scribed on  the  headstones  of  both  old  and  young.  All  that  man  can  do  to 
make  our  modern  houses  warm  and  air  tight,  is  done,  and  then  we  kindle  a 
monstrous  fire  in  the  cellar,  so  arranged  that  all  the  air  we  breathe  must 
pass  over  plates  of  iron  heated  to  a cherry  red  before  it  reaches  us.  Day  and 
night  it  is  the  same.  We  are  warm  and  comfortable,  nothing  freezes  in  the 
house;  we  have,  nevertheless,  taken  a viper  to  our  bosom  that  will  certainly 
sting  us.  No  man  can  rob  his  lungs  of  pure,  fresh  air,  and  not  pay  for  it  in 
bodily  health.  Pure  air,  and  in  large  quantities,  is  as  essential  to  our  health 
and  comfort  as  animal  food  and  nourishing  drinks.  In  our  efforts  to  per- 
fect our  creature  comforts,  we  have  not  only  shut  out  the  cold  from  our 
dwellings,  but,  with  it,  the  vitalizing  air. 

The  architect  must  see  to  it  that  the  house  he  builds  is  so  arranged  that 
not  only  the  temperature  of  the  air  in  it  can  always  be  regulated — at  least 
to  such  a degree  as  advancing  science  enables  him  to  do — but  also  that  the 
air  be  always  fresh  and  pure.  In  its  sanitary  character  architecture  must, 
therefore,  look  to  the  combination  of  heat  with  pure  air  or  ventilation. 
The  architect  in  his  relation  to  his  client  is  either  a practical  sanitarian,  or 
the  reverse. 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


23 


Our  forefathers  knew  nothing  of  diphtheria  and  kindred  diseases,  traced  to 
what  we  term  “ modern  improvements.”  Our  plumbing  and  sewers,  if  not 
properly  trapped  and  ventilated,  will  lead  the  poison  into  our  dwellings, 
instead  of  removing  it  to  a distance,  where  it  can  do  no  harm. 

It  is  only  a few  years  ago  that  the  whole  British  Empire  was  filled  with 
anxiety  on  account  of  the  illness  of  the  heir-apparent  to  the  throne — an  ill- 
ness said  to  be  due  to  imperfect  drainage.  To  the  same  cause  is  attributed 
the  death  by  plague  in  London  of  100,000  persons,  and  in  cities  of  our 
own  country  thousands  die  yearly  by  the  same  caflse.  No  nation  can  afford, 
by  the  untimely  making  of  the  graves  of  thousands  of  its  producers,  to  lose 
its  wealth  and  thereby  its  greatness. 

Dr.  Chamberlain  reports  from  a recent  conversation  with  Dr.  Richardson, 
acting  Secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Health  of  Massachusetts,  that  they 
never  have  a fatal  case  of  scarlet  fever  or  diphtheria  without  finding  some 
cause  for  it  in  defective  drainage,  ventilation,  or  bad  sewerage  of  the 
dwelling. 

The  contents  of  the  vault  saturates  the  whole  of  the  surrounding  earth, 
poisons  the  springs  and  the  wells,  and  finds  its  way  in  little  currents  through 
the  interstices  of  the  foundation  walls  of  our  houses:  there  it  throws  off 
gases  too  slight  to  attract  attention,  but  too  deadly  to  be  inhaled  by  the 
inmates  with  impunity.  The  soil  pipe  is  an  improvement  on  this ; but  if 
it  be  not  tight  in  all  its  parts,  if  there  be  any  imperfectly  soldered  or  caulked 
joints,  woe  betide  the  man  who  sleeps  near  it;  for  the  destroying  angel  is 
abroad,  and  will  find  him  as  surely  as  he  lies  down  and  rises  up  in  an  atmos- 
phere so  charged  with  the  germs  of  disease.  He  may  not  be  conscious  that 
the  foe  is  near  at  hand  ; for  the  leak  may  be  slight,  and  during  the  day  its 
effects  will  be  neutralized,  in  part,  by  open  windows  and  doors;  and,  more- 
over, as  “evil  communications  corrupt  good  manners,”  so  the  habitual 
inhaling  of  a noxious  atmosphere  dulls  the  senses;  and  they  soon  cease  to 
detect  the  odor  that  would  have  startled  them,  had  they  not  gradually  be- 
come habituated  to  it.  Any  one  may  test  this.  Let  him  enter  into  a 
crowded  and  badly  ventilated  theatre  or  other  public  building,  and  he  will 
take  no  more  notice  of  it  than  the  crowds  who  have  inhaled  carbonic  acid 
gas  enough  to  insure  to  each  a raging  headache  for  the  following  day. 

Of  course  a great  many  of  these  buildings  are  not  built  by  architects  at 
all,  but  by  the  “practical  builders”  who  do  so  much  of  the  had  building  the 
whole  country  over. 

There  is  only  the  excuse  of  public  indifference  to  shield  the  modern 
builder  in  view  of  his  almost  universal  disregard  of  simple  and  well  known 
methods  of  wholesale  house-drainage.  He  would  consider  himself  blame- 
worthy if  his  roof  leaked  so  badly  as  to  destroy  the  wall  paper  of  a single 
room  ; but  he  expects  no  blame — he  would  often  scout  the  idea  that  he 
should  be  blamed — for  a condition  of  interior  drainage  which  lays  the  whole 
household  open  to  an  ever-threatening  danger.  At  present  not  a man  in 
ten  thousand — literally  not  one  in  ten  thousand — cares  or  thinks  anything 
about  this  matter,  beyond  satisfying  himself  that  his  house  has  as  good 
plumbing  as  other  people’s  houses.  His  accustomed  nostrils  detect  no  odor 
— even  where  to  one  fresh  from  the  country  the  very  entrance  hall  is  tainted 
with  air  from  the  drains ; and  where  he  can  neither  see  nor  smell  offence, 
he  is  quiet  and  content.  He  has  yet  to  learn  that  the  most  serious  danger 
is  often  unattended  by  any  very  marked  warning  to  the  senses. 


24 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Where  the  battle  rages  fierce  and  long,  are  the  dead  and  dying — but  the 
plague  and  pestilence  is  not  announced  by  the  clashing  of  arms  and  boom- 
ing of  cannon. 

The  architect,  who  is  the  creator  of  the  sanitary  condition  of  the  house, 
must  supply  to  its  drainage  and  water  supply  system,  the  same  intelligent 
and  educated  skill  which  he  now  applies  to  its  arrangement  and  beauty. 

Architects  have  not  been  held  to  any  real  accountability  for  these  tilings, 
and  the  people  themselves  are  thus  far  at  fault.  The  demand  creates  the 
supply,  and  thus  far  it  has  been  for  handsome  houses,  or  for  cheap  houses, 
or  for  convenient  houses,  and  these  have  been  supplied;  the  time  is  now  at 
hand  when  the  demand  will  be  for  healthy  houses  first  of  all. 

We  say  the  responsibility  of  the  architect  is  great  indeed,  but  how  much 
more  is  the  responsibility  of  those  who  erect  buildings  without  the  aid  of  an 
architect?  What  is  the  responsibility,  we  ask,  of  one  who  sets  his  irrespon- 
sible and  crafty  builder  at  work  to  erect  a building,  which  is  usually  the 
case  when  no  architect  is  consulted,  the  owner  only  studying  parsimony — 
although  the  fees  of  a competent  architect  are  not  so  much  additional  cost 
as  he  thinks  ; but  on  the  contrary  a saving  of  at  least  five  times  the  amount. 
This  builder  knows  nothing  of  design  or  the  harmony  of  parts,  neither  does 
the  owner  who  follows  him  up  with  his  instructions,  and  they  gather  their 
ideas  from  this  and  that  or  the  other  which  they  have  seen;  fancy  looking 
for  a harmonious  whole  in  a house  built  after  this  fashion.  The  builder 
will  turn  an  arch,  and  build  a wall  above  it,  ignorant  Avhether  it  will  stand 
or  fall  when  the  centre  is  struck;  while  his  brother  will  frame  together  a 
combination  of  timbers,  innocent  of  any  positive  knowledge  whether  his 
structure  when  finished  will  bear  a locomotive,  or  fall  of  its  own  weight ; 
and  the  plumber  who  has  so  much  to  do  with  the  health  of  the  occupants, 
will  get  the  impression  that  a cheap  job  is  required,  and  no  one  will  take 
any  interest  in  how  he  does  it,  and  the  whole  of  the  work  will  be  scamped 
from  beginning  to  end,  and  the  question  arises  will  this  building  be  fit  for 
occupancy  of  man  when  finished,  and  should  not  something  be  done  to 
prevent  the  erection  of  buildings  that  will  be  a lasting  injury  to  society. 

It  is  very  much  to  be  deplored  that  in  many  of  our  cities  the  public  has 
delivered  itself  over  a willing  victim,  body  and  soul,  to  the  speculating 
builder.  Stupidly  housed  in  ugly,  inconvenient  and  monotonous  brick 
boxes,  with  holes  cut  symmetrically  in  them,  the  public  stays  contentedly 
until  a fever  breaks  out  or  frost  sets  in.  Then,  however,  it  immediately 
raises  an  insensate  howl  against  the  architectural  profession,  which  was 
never  consulted,  because  sewer  gas  was  laid  on  to  and  fresh  air  carefully 
kept  out  of  its  dwellings,  and  because  all  the  pipes  were  left  exposed  to  the 
elements. 

We  have  no  desire  to  claim  infallibility  for  the  capable  members  of  our 
profession,  but  will  remind  our  readers  that  where  such  things  occur  as  we 
have  here  referred  to,  usually  an  architect  was  not  at  all  concerned,  or  if 
there  was,  he  was  probably  limited  in  the  scope  of  his  office. 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


25 


A permanent  home  should  he  built  with  care  and  planned  with  a special  reference  to  the  wants  and 
necessities  of  the  family,  it  should  he  neat  and  attractive  and  in  harmony  with  the  lives  to  he  spent  under 
its  roof.  A house  or  stopping  place  may  be  all  external  show,  with  the  larger  part  of  the  conveniences 
omitted  internally,  thereby  cheapening  the  cost,  and  which  enhances  the  chance  of  many  birds  filling  the 
nest  for  a short  time,  and  ultimately  the  place  becomes  the  half-way  house  between  nowhere  and  home.  Let 
us  have  permanent  homes,  built  in  accordance  with  the  times  and  of  modern  styles,  homes  where  the  manly 
virtues  may  grow  strong  and  flourish,  and  which  our  children  will  ever  remember  in  after  years  with  pride. 


It  is  quite  surprising  what  a number  of  people  there  are  who  will  get  about  half  a dozen  hieroglyphics 
on  a piece  of  paper  and  then  think  they  are  all  ready  to  commence  building,  and  that  there  is  nothing  more 
to  do  but  put  hands  to  the  work.  But,  softly,  how  about  the  lettering  and  figuring  of  plans ; are  the  sizes 
of  all  rooms  figured  out,  the  frame,  the  location  and  size  of  all  doors  and  windows  ; where  are  the  specifica- 
tions, the  details  of  execution,  the  contracts  and  a host  of  minor  things  which  must  be  properly  prepared 
and  attended  to,  if  your  building  affairs  are  to  be  conducted  in  a practical  manner,  for  as  sure  as  the  com- 
pass is  indispensable  to  the  mariner  to  steer  by,  so  are  the  plaDS,  specifications  and  details,  requisite  for  the 
builder  to  work  by  to  obtain  satisfactory  results  and  to  reach  the  goal  of  proper  construction  and  harmony 
of  parts. 


It  is  on  the  architect  that  the  public  must  rely  for  the  proper  construction  of  their  buildings. 


It  is  only  a penny  wise  and  pound  foolish  policy  that  says : “ Do  not  employ  an  architect.” 


People  who  have  tried  to  be  the  architects  of  their  own  buildings  have  instead  been  the  architects  of 
their  own  misfortunes  and  emptied  their  pockets. 


A simple  suggestion  from  a competent  architect  is  sometimes  worth  his  fees. 


The  intelligent  public  are  convinced  that  architects  who  have  had  every  advantage  by  their  training 
and  experience  can  meet  their  wants  with  practical  contrivances  and  arrangements  for  their  comfort, 
and  that  they  can  do  this  better  than  anybody  else. 


An  architect  is  one  who  prepares  the  plans,  conceives  the  design,  draws  out  the  specifications ; in  short, 
supplies  the  mind  ; the  builder  is  merely  the  mason  or  carpenter.  The  builder  is,  in  fact,  the  machine  ; 
the  architect,  the  power  which  puts  the  machine  together  and  sets  it  in  motion. 


The  faculty  of  inventing,  designing  and  giving  shape  to  conceptions  so  as  to  make  them  living  realities, 
is  a talent  as  indispensable  in  the  true  architect,  as  a thorough  knowledge  of  the  strength  of  materials  and 
the  proper  and  most  economical  mode  of  their  use,  and  any  one  who  dabbles  in  architecture  without  these 
talents  is  an  amateur,  and  an  amateur  architect  is  the  worst  of  all  amateurs,  for  he  not  only  builds  struct- 
ures that  are  hideous,  but  also  wastes  people’s  money. 


Do  the  public  want  good  architects  ? Men  show  but  little  care  to  get  the  best  that  are  to  be  had. 


An  architect  should  be  thoroughly  practical  and  know  how  to  use  material  with  economy,  so  as  to  carry 
out  a proper  construction  in  building  and  not  waste  material,  and  consequently  his  client’s  money. 


An  architect  is  a confidential  and  responsible  adviser. 


Children  and  fools  should  never  see  anything  half  done. 


Critics  of  architecture  will  hate  a thing  with  all  their  might,  but  they  cannot  substantiate  their  dislik- 
ing by  telling  one  why — simply  because  they  don’t  know  and  are  not  versed  in  architecture.  These  kind 
of  critics  are  heard  a good  deal  now-a-days  and  it  seems  as  if  every  one  were  critics,  though  they  don’t 
know  the  first  principles  of  what  they  are  talking  about. 


It  requires  the  same  training  to  choose  a design  that  it  does  to  make  one. 


When  people  ask  you  as  to  what  you  are  doing,  say  to  them  what  the  Japanese  said  when  asked  about 
the  building  they  were  erecting  at  the  Centennial — “Wait,  till  comes  time,  you  then  see?” 


John  Smith  was  building  him  a boat,  and  every  one  who  came  along  and  saw  what  he  was  doing  found 
fault  with  it  and  offered  their  suggestions.  Some  said  it  was  too  shallow,  others  too  deep,  and  so  on. 
Finally  Mr.  Smith  got  mad  and  informed  bis  friends  he  was  building  the  boat  for  himself,  and  if  after  he  was 
through  they  would  call  on  him  he  would  be  huppy  to  build  one  to  suit  them  all  and  then  he  would  chop 
it  up.  


People  want  to  live  in  more  comfortable  and  attractive  houses  than  they  used  to,  and  the  designs 
shown  in  this  book  pleasantly  indicate  their  demand. 


26 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  I. 


COTTAGE  AT  SCO  OB  A,  MISS. 

In  a Southern  climate  the  requirements  for  houses,  either  great  or  small,  are  very 
different  from  what  they  are  at  the  North. 

Special  attention  must  be  paid  to  keeping  cool  in  summer  rather  than  warm  in  win- 
ter; therefore  the  rooms  must  be  large  and  the  ceilings  high.  Cellars  are  not  among  the 
requisites.  Neither  is  it  necessary  in  some  parts  to  build  solid  foundations,  there  being 
no  frosts  to  get  clear  of ; and  in  some  instances  houses  are  set  on  logs  stood  on  the 
ground.  In  this  case  the  frame  is  supported  on  brick  piers,  and  a large  open  space  is 
left  under  the  floor,  which  is  properly  prepared  so  as  to  keep  down  damp. 

It  will  be  observed  there  is  no  Kitchen  provided,  the  cooking  being  done  in  a small 
out-house  provided  for  that  purpose,  so  as  to  keep  the  heat  out  of  the  house  as  far  as  pos- 
sible. It  is,  however,  necessary  at  some  seasons  of  the  year  to  have  a fire,  and  for  this 
purpose  a large  open  fire-place  is  provided  in  the  Parlor.  This  fire-place  is  built  of  brick, 
with  an  arch  turned  in  it,  and  the  brick  breast  continued  up;  the  brick  being  left  exposed 
in  the  room,  and  in  this  fire-place  it  is  intended  to  burn  large  logs  on  the  hearth.  The 
second  story  or  loft  is  merely  a lumber  room  and  air  space  between  the  roof  and  rooms 
below. 

The  arrangement  of  the  windows  is  one  of  the  principal  features  in  the  design.  The 
lower  sashes  are  arranged  to  slide  into  the  walls,  and  the  transom  sash  to  swing.  In 
this  way  the  whole  of  the  windows  can  be  opened  instead  of  half,  as  is  usually  the  case. 
The  rooms  are  all  well  supplied  with  windows,  and  from  their  arrangement,  if  there  is  a 
breeze,  a good  draught  will  be  obtained.  The  front  Porch  is  arranged  with  a seat  on 
each  side,  so  that  one  may  sit  out  of  doors,  and  yet  be  in  the  shade,  which  is  a very 
desirable  feature.  This  Cottage  was  designed  for  the  residence  of  a laborer  on  the  estate 
of  J.  A.  Minniece,  Esq.,  at  Scooba,  Miss.,  to  be  built  of  yellow  pine  throughout.  Cost, 
about  $500.  We  also  give  on  this  plate 


A COTTAGE  AT  BIRMINGHAM,  CONN, 


designed  for  a workingman  of  large  family,  and  is  a neat  little  Cottage,  and  well  adapted 
for  the  purposes  intended  and  the  requirements  of  its  occupants.  The  first  floor  contains 
Living-room,  Kitchen  and  Bed-room,  and  on  the  second  floor  four  Bed-rooms,  with  the 
necessary  closet  room.  There  is  a cellar  under  the  whole.  Interior  finished  in  a plain 
manner,  and  painted  in  tints.  Color  on  exterior  are : clapboards,  light  slate ; trim- 
mings, light  brown,  and  trimmed  up  with  red  ; blinds,  olive  green.  Cost,  $900. 

We  have  always  maintained,  and  shall  continue  to  do  so  unto  the  end,  that  any 
structure,  no  matter  how  inexpensive,  intended  as  a dwelling  place  for  civilized  people, 
should  be  designed  by  a skilled  man,  and  should  bear  the  marks  of  good  design.  Good 
design  in  architecture,  as  well  as  elsewhere,  costs  no  more  than  bad  in  the  construction. 


Plate  I. 


28 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  II. 


COTTAGE  FOR  A MILL  HAND  AT  CHELSEA,  MASS. 

This  is  a very  attractive  design,  and  intended  to  give  ample  accommodation  at  a low 
cost  for  an  ordinary  family. 

The  cellar  is  placed  under  the  Kitchen  and  Hall,  which  was  thought  in  this  instance 
to  be  sutficient  to  meet  all  requirements,  though  it  is  generally  considered,  in  the  Eastern 
States  at  least,  to  be  poor  economy  not  to  have  a cellar  under  the  whole  house,  as  it  only 
requires  about  one  foot  in  depth  of  additional  stone  work  to  secure  a cellar,  it  being 
necessary  to  put  down  the  stone  work  in  any  case,  so  that  it  will  be  beyond  the  reach  of 
frost.  The  Kitchen  is  without  a tire  place,  the  cooking  to  be  done  by  a stove,  which,  if 
properly  contrived,  is  a very  effective  ventilator,  and  preferred  by  many  housekeepers 
for  all  Kitchen  purposes. 

The  Parlor  and  Dining-room  or  general  Living-room  are  provided  with  the  healthy 
luxury  of  an  open  fire-place,  and  we  know  of  no  more  elegant,  cleanly  and  effective  con- 
trivance for  this  purpose  than  the  one  adopted  in  this  instance;  they  are  built  of  buff 
brick,  with  molded  jambs  and  segment  arch,  and  in  which  a basket  grate  or  fire  dogs  can 
be  placed  for  the  desired  fire,  and  in  this  way  large  rooms  are  kept  perfectly  comfortable 
in  cold  weather  without  heat  from  any  other  source.  These  fire-places  are  also  provided 
with  neat  mantels  constructed  of  ash,  and  which  are  elegant  compared  with  the  marble- 
ized  slate  mantel,  which  is  a sham,  and  repulsive  to  an  educated  taste. 

On  entering  nearly  every  house  in  the  land  we  find  the  same  turned  walnut  post  at 
the  bottom  of  the  stairs  with  tapering  walnut  sticks  all  the  way  up,  surmounted  with  a 
flattened  walnut  rail  having  a shepherd’s  crook  at  the  top;  however,  in  this  instance  it  is 
not  so,  but  the  staircase  is  surmounted  with  an  ash  rail,  balusters  and  newel  of  simple, 
though  unique  design;  and  now  that  people  are  giving  more  attention  to  this  important 
piece  of  furniture,  we  may  look  for  a change  in  this  respect. 

The  house  is  supplied  with  a cistern  constructed  with  great  care,  the  Kitchen  sink 
being  supplied  with  water  by  a pump,  and  there  is  no  more  easy  method  of  procuring 
good  water  for  all  purposes  of  the  household. 

For  a compact,  convenient  Cottage  with  every  facility  for  doing  the  work  with  the 
least  number  of  steps,  for  a low-priced  elegant  Cottage,  we  do  not  know  of  anything  that 
surpasses  this.  Cost,  $1,200. 

Mr.  E.  A.  Jones,  of  Newport,  Ohio,  is  also  erecting  this  Cottage  with  the  necessary 
changes  to  suit  points  of  compass.  Such  a house  as  this  if  tastefully  furnished,  and  em- 
bellished with  suitable  surroundings,  as  neat  and  well-kept  grounds,  flowers,  etc.,  will 
always  attract  more  attention  than  the  uninviting,  ill-designed  buildings,  no  matter  how 
much  money  may  have  been  expended  on  them. 


It  is  not  necessary  that  artistic  feeling  should  have  always  a large  field  for  its  dis- 
play ; and  in  the  lesser  works  and  smaller  commissions  as  much  art  may  find  expression 
as  in  the  costly  facades  and  more  pretentious  structures. 


Plate  IT. 


30 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  III. 


COTTAGE  AT  WEST  STRATFORD,  CONN. 

This  handsome  little  house  is  near  completion  for  E.  R.  Tomlinson,  and  for  a com- 
pact arrangement  of  plan  cannot  be  beat.  There  is  a splendid  cellar  under  the  whole 
house,  arranged  for  the  storage  of  fuel  and  other  purposes;  a well  has  also  been  put  down 
in  the  cellar,  which  with  the  cistern  supplies  an  unlimited  amount  of  water  at  the  Kitchen 
sink  through  the  aid  of  a pump.  The  attic  is  very  spacious,  and  will  be  found  very 
useful  as  a place  for  drying  clothes,  or  should  it  be  found  necessary  at  some  future  time 
two  rooms  could  be  finished  off,  which  would  be  almost  as  good  sleeping  rooms  as  any 
in  the  house. 

There  is  but  one  chimney,  which  is  so  placed  that  it  can  be  used  from  all  the  rooms 
on  First  floor;  the  stair-case  is  also  placed  in  a position  to  be  easy  of  access  from  all  parts 
of  the  house;  two  doors  are  placed  between  the  Hall  and  Kitchen,  a feature  which 
cannot  fail  to  commend  itself. 

The  windows  in  the  Hall  and  stair-case  are  filled  entirely  with  ornamental  and 
stained  glass,  as  are  also  those  in  the  attic;  the  other  windows  in  the  house  have  the 
lower  sash  glazed  in  two  lights  of  ordinary  glass,  while  the  upper  sash  has  a white  light 
in  center  and  small  colored  lights  on  each  side.  The  interior  is  finished  in  a very  pleas- 
ing, yet  economical  manner,  the  casings  of  doors  and  windows  are  trimmed  with  a back 
mold,  though  they  are  not  mitred  at  the  angles  as  is  usually  done,  but  a square  block, 
ornamented  with  sunk  work  to  be  picked  out  in  color  is  placed  in  the  corner,  and  the 
molding  cut  square  against  it;  this  is  a decided  improvement  on  the  monotonous  mitred 
back  mold  which  we  see  in  nearly  every  house.  The  rooms  are  all  of  ample  accommo- 
dation to  meet  the  requirements,  and  each  chamber  is  supplied  with  a good  closet. 

The  exterior  is  very  striking,  the  front  gable  is  very  handsome,  and  is  a free-render- 
ing of  what  is  known  as  the  Queen  Anne  style  of  architecture;  the  front  veranda  and 
especially  the  hood  over  entrance  is  very  pretty — in  fact  this  is  one  of  the  prettily 
designed  Cottages,  which  will  always  attract  attention. 

An  architect  designs  a building  with  special  reference  to  the  colors  to  be  used  in 
painting,  and  as  color  is  the  life  of  design,  his  instructions  in  this  respect  should  be 
minutely  followed  if  the  desired  result  is  to  be  arrived  at.  This  cottage  is  painted 
Venetian  red,  trimmed  with  Indian  red,  the  chamfers,  cut  and  sunk  work  being  picked 
out  in  black,  making  it  very  effective  and  showing  the  detail  boldly.  The  cost  is  $1,4GQ, 
and  we  doubt  if  there  is  any  one  who  can  show  a prettier  house,  either  in  arrangement 
or  appearance  for  the  same  price. 

Blessed  are  they  who  have  homes ! 


Let  every  man  strive  to  own  a home. 


Plate  III. 


32 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  IV. 


COTTAGE  AT  LITCHFIELD,  COHN. 


This  is  a neat  seven  room  Cottage,  designed  to  fill  a narrow  lot  at  a small  cost.  The 
house  was  designed  to  face  the  West,  and  the  south  side  was  made  the  most  attractive; 
the  front  veranda  is  one  of  the  features  of  the  exterior,  and  is  very  simple  and  chaste, 
yet  elegant. 

Besides  the  two  floors  in  the  main  house,  there  is  an  attic  over  the  Kitchen  extension 
which  may  be  used  as  a stow-away.  There  is  also  a good  attic  over  the  main  house,  and 
a cellar  under  the  whole  house. 

The  room  marked  Parlor  is  to  be  used  as  a general  living-room,  hence  it  is  provided 
with  an  open  fire-place  and  a neat  hardwood  mantel,  and  the  interior  throughout  is 
finished  in  a plain  neat  manner. 

The  wants  of  people  are  so  unequal,  and  their  opinions  so  varied  by  the  circum- 
stances under  which  they  are  formed,  that  it  is  the  most  natural  thing  in  the  world  for 
any  one  to  take  up  a plan  and  suggest  innumerable  changes  and  additions,  always  forget- 
ting the  unalterable  condition  of  price,  situation  and  object  which  restrained  the  archi- 
tect while  working  it  up.  To  prepare  a design  regardless  of  expense  is  an  easy  matter 
compared  with  that  of  devising  one  that  gives  the  largest  amount  of  accommodation 
within  a fixed  limit  of  cost,  and  in  all  our  long  experience  we  have  never  found  a design 
that  would  meet  the  requirements  of  different  individuals  without  some  changes. 

Two  of  these  Cottages  are  erected  at  Litchfield,  Conn.,  by  Messrs.  Devoe  and  Hills. 
Cost  about  $1,050. 

The  cost  of  a house  depends  in  a great  measure  on  a properly  studied  design,  which 
does  not  consist  alone  in  the  arrangement  of  rooms,  etc.,  but  involves  a careful  study  of 
construction ; a saving  can  be  made  by  a proper  distribution  of  timbers  as  well  as  by  the 
most  economical  arrangement  of  rooms — in  fact,  good  or  bad  management  produces  the 
same  results  in  building  operations  as  in  any  other  pursuit. 

People  will  take  up  a work  on  architecture,  and  select  a house  that  comes  about 
their  wants,  which  the  book  says  costs  $2,000,  and  that  is  just  the  amount  they  can  com- 
mand for  building.  The  house  is  ordered,  the  alterations  named,  and  put  in  the  hands 
of  the  best  mechanic  to  execute  it,  and  he  goes  ahead;  he  is  not  restricted  except  by  the 
book,  and  the  author  of  it  is  a man  of  reputation.  The  builder  has  not  any  specifications 
or  details  of  execution  to  be  governed  by,  and  therefore  piles  on  the  agony,  as  it  is  not 
considered  good  policy  for  him  to  make  suggestions  so  as  to  decrease  the  work,  and  when 
the  $2,000  is  expended  you  find  the  building  half  done,  and  an  additional  $2,000  neces- 
sary to  complete  it. 

This  is  not  the  proper  way  to  conduct  one’s  building  affairs,  but  to  get  the  plans  and 
details  properly  prepared,  and  then  ascertain  what  it  is  to  cost  before  going  ahead — then 
the  result  will  be  satisfactory. 


1‘late  1 1 


34 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  V. 


RESIDENCE  OF  R.  R.  HENRY,  TAZEWELL,  V A. 


There  are  many  things  to  be  taken  into  consideration  in  the  designing  of  houses  for 
different  parts  of  the  country.  This  Cottage  is  of  a form  that  is  compact  and  in  every 
way  available,  the  rooms  are  large,  have  high  ceilings  and  at  the  same  time  afford  every 
convenience  in  their  arrangement,  making  them  desirable  for  a family  of  refined  tastes 
and  moderate  means.  It  is  built  of  wood,  though  in  favorable  localites  it  would  be  better 
still  of  stone  or  brick,  and  if  suitably  surrounded  with  tasteful  landscape  embellishments, 
will  make  a snug,  pretty,  and  attractive  home.  One  can  by  the  exercise  of  appropriate 
taste,  produce  the  right  kind  of  an  impression  in  a house  of  this  character.  It  should 
become  a part  of,  and  belong  to  the  acres  which  surround  it ; it  should  be  an  indispen- 
sable accessory  to  the  place  itself,  and  the  grounds  should  be  laid  out  and  embellished  in 
such  a manner  that  the  whole  combination  impresses  one  with  harmonious  beauty,  and 
not,  as  is  too  often  the  case,  seek  to  make  up  for  the  deficiences  in  the  grounds  by  elabo- 
rate expenditure  and  display  about  the  house. 

A true  appreciation  of  a country  or  suburban  home  will  not  tolerate  slovenly,  ill- 
kept  grounds,  and  no  house  exhibits  its  true  value  unless  there  is  a harmony  in  its  sur- 
roundings. If  this  be  attended  to,  a high  degree  of  effect  can  be  produced  in  houses  of 
very  moderate  cost ; houses  that  shall  be  roomy,  warm,  substantial  and  in  every  way 
agreeable  to  their  occupants. 

The  glass  throughout  is  common  sheet  without  color,  but  the  dividing  up  of  the  up- 
per sashes  gives  character  to  the  whole  ; the  plain  treatment  of  the  exterior  is  more  than 
made  up  by  the  beauty  of  the  internal  arrangements,  which  the  plans  fully  explain. 

Architecture  is  young  in  this  country,  and  we  have  to  look  to  the  mother  country  for 
many  of  our  ideas ; but  because  we  do  this  we  need  not  follow  their  custom  in  building 
our  small  houses,  but  we  must  meet  the  requirements  of  climate  and  habits;  therefore  the 
arrangement  of  rooms  is  entirely  different,  and  we  add  verandas,  which  are  valuable 
appendages  on  account  of  it  being  pleasant  to  sit  out  of  doors. 

This  house  is  substantially  built  and  contains  the  modern  conveniences ; there  is  no 
water  closet,  but  an  earth  closet  is  provided  in  connection  with  bath-room,  which  is  pref- 
erable; cost  about  $1,900.00. 


Plate  V. 


3 G 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Flute  VI. 


RESIDENCE  OF  ALBERT  TR  INTER,  NEW  ALBANY,  IND. 

The  first  edition  of  Model  Homes  contains  a design,  No.  22,  very  similar  to  this,  and 
from  which  the  ideas  in  this  are  worked  up,  with  the  addition  of  another  room  on  each 
floor  and  another  bay-window  and  a change  in  the  detail  on  the  exterior — in  fact  there  is 
scarcely  anything  left  to  remind  one  of  the  other  design  ; and  it  is  often  the  case  that 
people  will  examine  a plan  and  will  say  that  is  just  what  they  want,  with  such  and  such 
changes,  and  when  the  necessary  changes  are  made  to  suit  their  ideas  there  is  nothing 
left  by  which  one  can  recognize  anything  of  the  first  plan. 

The  roofs  are  all  slated,  which  is  decidedly  the  best  and  cheapest — when  we  take 
everything  into  account — method  of  roofing  besides  being  elegant;  and  in  favorable 
localities  can  be  laid  for  $8.00  per  100  square  feet  of  surface. 

For  a person  of  moderate'means,  wishing  an  elegant  home  with  the  interior  comforts 
and  conveniences  it  contains,  we  can  with  confidence  recommend  this  design.  It  is  suit- 
able for  any  part  of  the  country  except  the  extreme  South,  and  the  owner  of  such  a house 
will  find  that  its  money  value  is  far  above  that  of  a square  box  of  the  same  capacity,  and 
it  costs  but  a trifle  more  than  the  ugly  packing  boxes  that  some  people  seem  bound  to 
erect  in  opposition  to  all  artistic  ideas,  which  are  constantly  developing  in  this  country. 
In  some  instances  we  have  known  houses  of  nice  design,  properly  managed,  erected  for 
less  money  than  these  square  boxes  giving  but  the  same  amount  of  accopimodation,  and 
which  a great  many  people  seem  to  think  it  is  necessary  to  build  if  they  would  do  so 
cheaply. 

Usually  too  little  attention  has  been  paid  to  roofs  and  chimneys  of  houses,  and  they 
appear  to  have  been  treated  as  necessary  evils,  instead  of  their  being  made,  as  they 
should  be,  both  useful  and  ornamental.  A flat  roof  for  this  climate  can  hardly  be  called 
useful,  as  the  action  of  the  heat  and  cold  on  it  will  be  more  than  likely  to  open  the  seams 
of  the  flat  roof,  and  the  force  of  a sudden  shower  will  find  its  way  through,  sadly  to  the 
detriment  of  the  interior  decoration,  as  well  as  to  the  comfort  and  the  commendable 
equability  of  temper  of  the  inmates.  In  our  northern  climate  we  should  have  steep 
roofs,  so  as  to  readily  shed  the  heavy  rains  and  snows,  and  we  think  this  Cottage  is  well 
protected  in  this  respect — the  floor  plans  we  think  need  very  little  explanation,  as  they 
fully  explain  themselves ; cost  about  $2,200.00. 

Simple  things  become  beautiful  and  attractive  by  an  art  inspiration.  Interiors  and 
exteriors  retain  their  old  forms  substantially,  but  they  put  on  new  faces  when  touched  by 
the  real  artist,  who  sees  his  work  completed  in  his  mind  when  he  begins  to  plan,  and  so 
is  enabled  to  produce  a harmony  throughout. 


Plate  VI. 


38 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  VII. 

RESIDENCE  OF  DWIGHT  HOTCHKISS,  SHARON,  CONN 


This  is  a large,  convenient  and  plain  house  and  well  adapted  to  the  requirements  of 
a farm  residence,  and  yet  in  a farm  house  it  would  seem  as  though  of  all  places  this  is 
the  one  where  we  should  find  large  fire-places.  These  could  have  been  added  with  very 
little  additional  expense,  but  instead  we  have  what  the  owner  desired,  a single  flue  and 
the  walls  furred  out  to  make  a show  of  a breast — what  we  should  call  a sham. 

Mr.  Hotchkiss  is  undoubtedly  a modest  man,  as  when  he  erected  his  house  he  left 
off  the  front  gable  and  kept  the  front  of  the  building  unbroken,  as  he  was  afraid  his 
neighbors  would  talk  if  he  built  something  different  from  what  they  had.  By  doing  this 
Mr.  Hotchkiss  undoubtedly  ruined  the  design  and  decreased  the  value  of  the  building  at 
least  $500.00,  spending  his  money  to  please  his  neighbors. 

We  have  no  doubt  but  what  the  house  will  be  painted  white,  although  we  did  not  in 
our  specifications  call  for  it  to  be  so,  yet  it  is  in  keeping  with  the  style  of  painting  in  the 
same  locality,  and  if  there  is  anything  to  mar  the  landscape  it  is  this  white  abomination. 
We  regret  to  say  these  things,  but  feel  as  though  to  be  perfectly  fair  to  our  readers  we 
should  state  some  of  the  faults  in  our  designs,  and  give  our  experiences,  so  that  people 
who  intend  to  build  may  avoid  falling  into  these  faults. 

The  veranda  is  a pleasant  feature,  and  is  very  useful  besides  being  ornamental;  the 
Sitting  Room  is  the  finest  room  in  the  house,  both  on  account  of  its  size  and  the  view 
that  is  obtained  from  it ; the  milk  room  and  wood  shed,  which  are  necessary  appendages 
to  a house  of  this  kind,  are  located  in  the  rear  and  are  convenient  of  access  from  the 
kitchen  and  exterior,  and  are  covered  with  a separate  roof,  being  only  one  story  in 
height.  There  is  a cellar  under  the  whole  house  built  of  stone  found  on  the  ground; 
cost  $2,900.00. 

Some  people  will  procure  plans  and  specifications  and  then  set  their  builder  to  work, 
being  too  parsimonious  to  furnish  him  with  details  of  construction  to  enable  him  to 
properly  carry  out  the  design,  and  which  is  a veiy  important  matter,  as  what  is  the  use 
of  getting  a good  design  if  it  is  not  to  be  carried  out.  Several  such  cases  have  come 
under  our  notice,  and  in  some  instances  the  builders  have  obtained  details  and  paid  for 
them,  but  it  is  generally  the  other  kind  of  builders  who  get  such  work,  and  they  are  apt 
to  estimate  with  much  more  liberal  figures  when  they  can  carry  out  the  designs  as  they 
please.  One  case  of  this  kind  in  particular,  came  under  our  notice,  and  after  the  build- 
ing was  completed  it  did  not  represent  the  drawings  in  any  particular  except  the  general 
form,  the  design  being  fearfully  butchered  and  the  detail  all  changed  by  the  builder,  who 
in  some  instances  got  the  owner’s  sanction  to  change,  persuading  him  that  what  he  was 
going  to  do  would  be  better,  and  would  cost  him,  the  builder,  more,  but  that  he  would 
make  no  charge  to  the  owner.  The  house  which  cost  but  $1,800,  would  have  been 
worth  $500  more  had  the  design  been  properly  executed. 


40 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  VIII. 


RESIDENCE  OF  N CARPENTER,  STERLING,  ILL. 

The  rear  extension  of  this  house  was  the  previous  residence  of  Mr.  Carpenter,  con- 
taining but  two  rooms,  and  was  put  in  the  present  position  to  answer  the  purpose  of 
Kitchen  and  Pantries — the  roof,  &c.,  being  entirely  new  to  correspond  with  the  new 
house. 

The  rooms  on  the  first  floor  have  all  open  fire-places,  each  being  provided  with  a 
neat  ash  mantel.  The  Library  is  an  excellent  room,  with  good  front  and  side  views, 
and  the  veranda  is  reached  in  an  easy  manner  via  windows  from  this  room,  making  it 
a pleasant  retreat  in  hot  weather. 

There  is  a variety  of  outline  in  the  exterior  of  this  house,  which  cannot  fail  to  give 
a picturesque  and  pleasing  appearance  to  the  whole.  The  chamber  above  Library  pro- 
jects slightly  beyond  the  face  of  the  octagon  bay,  and  the  peculiar  manner  in  Avhich  the 
sides  are  supported  is  odd,  but  gives  the  appearance  of  stability  and  firmness,  the  con- 
struction being  perfectly  sound. 

The  upper  sashes  are  filled  with  stained  glass,  all  round  the  sash  being  very  small 
lights  of  different  colored  glass,  and  the  center  light  has  the  figure  of  a flower  in  white 
on  blue  ground.  This  manner  of  treating  windows  must  be  seen  to  be  appreciated;  and 
no  blinds  are  used  except  on  the  lower  sash,  and  when  the  blinds  are  closed,  it  gives  a 
mellow  tone  to  the  light  of  the  interior. 

The  back  hall  is  reached  by  side  porch,  and  the  bath-room  is  placed  so  that  any  one 
coming  into  the  house  can  step  into  bath-room,  and  prepare  their  toilet  before  entering 
the  main  house;  the  second  story  rooms  are  full  height,  and  there  is  a well-lighted 
attic  above.  A laundry  is  provided  in  the  cellar ; also  provision  is  made  for  the  storage 
of  fuel,  etc.  Cost,  $2,500. 

There  are  no  blinds  on  this  house,  and  we  should  like  to  know  of  what  use  they  are. 
To  our  mind,  they  are  neither  useful  or  ornamental.  They  are  forever  rattling  on  the 
outside,  and  always  in  the  way  of  curtains  on  the  inside,  and  where  we  have  mullion 
windows,  they  must  be  kept  closed  or  they  are  in  the  way ; and  if  we  use  outside  blinds, 
they  are  forever  in  the  way  of  adding  a bit  of  detail  here,  and  a hood  or  a balcony  there, 
which  would  add  greatly  to  the  effect  of  the  whole.  The  only  blinds  that  are  fit  for  use 
are  rolling  Venetian  blinds ; they  slide  up  and  down,  and  are  out  of  the  way,  and  will 
cover  the  whole  or  a part  of  the  window,  as  required ; but  these  are  a little  more  expen- 
sive, you  say,  than  ordinary  inside  blinds,  but  we  can  find  a substitute  which  is  equally 
as  good — we  can  make  a shade  of  heavy  cloth,  to  roll  up  by  pulling  a cord — or,  better 
still,  slide  it  with  rings  on  a bar.  These  shades  should  fit  the  window,  and  hang  flat  and 
straight,  or  nearly  so.  The  material  may  be  cheap  and  coarse,  and  offers  an  excellent 
opportunity  for  embroidery,  where  it  would  show  to  good  advantage.  Rich  browns  are 
the  most  available  colors,  which  might  be  either  coarse  jute  cloth  or  burlaps.  Then 
there  is  an  endless  variety  of  materials  which  may  be  used,  according  to  taste  and  depth 
of  pocket.  Blinds  can  be  better  left  off,  and  replaced  by  something  which  will  be  far  more 
pleasing  to  the  eye,  and  serve  the  same  purpose. 


1*1  ate  VIII. 


42 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  IX. 


RESIDENCE  OF  W.  COE,  STB  A TFORD,  CONN 


In  the  plans  of  almost  every  house  there  is  more  or  less  to  commend  or  condemn. 
Some  of  course  are  much  nearer  perfection  than  others.  When  a plan  takes  such  a form 
that  it  will  answer  in  many  places  for  exactly  the  same  purpose,  we  may  with  truth  call 
it  a model;  and  in  this  case  we  think  we  may  be  justified  in  calling  this  a model  farm 
house.  The  rooms  are  all  of  good  capacity  and  conveniently  arranged,  and  the  principal 
rooms  have  an  open  fire-place;  sliding  doors  are  placed  so  that  the  Parlor,  Sitting-room 
and  Hall  can  he  thrown  together  on  special  occasions,  a feature  which  is  always  appre- 
ciated. The  Dining-room  is  reached  from  Kitchen  through  lobby,  which  is  fitted  up 
with  press  and  drawers.  In  this  way  two  doors  are  between  Kitchen  and  Dining-room 
and  Hall,  so  that  the  fumes  of  the  Kitchen  are  kept  out  of  the  main  house. 

The  Hall  is  wide  and  spacious,  and  gives  a stranger  on  entering  an  idea  of  hospital- 
ity; the  spacious  veranda  gives  ample  space  for  the  occupants  to  enjoy  nature,  and  at 
the  same  time  be  suitably  protected  from  the  glare  of  the  sun. 

The  main  house  has  two  full  and  high  stories,  and  a high  attic,  in  which  good  rooms 
can  be  obtained  should  it  be  necessary.  This  house  has  the  conveniences  that  are 
usually  to  be  had  in  the  country ; the  bay  window  is  a nice  feature.  In  fact  it  is  a model 
home  for  the  farmer,  and  a splendid  house  for  the  amount  of  money  expended,  viz., 
$2,406,  for  everything  complete  except  cellar  walls,  which  were  built  by  owner  with 
stone  on  the  ground. 

In  looking  over  this  design,  it  will  seem  hard  to  believe  the  fact  that  we  had  great 
difficulty  in  persuading  our  client  not  to  alter  the  exterior  design.  He  wanted  a flatter 
roof  and  box  cornice;  in  fact,  a house  just  after  the  same  idea  as  others  in  his  locality. 
We  asked  him  to  investigate,  and  see  for  himself  how  houses  were  being  built,  and  see 
what  they  looked  like ; and  we  informed  him  to  examine  a house  recently  built,  no 
larger  than  his,  which  cost  nearly  $10,000,  which  in  some  respects  was  treated  similar 
to  his.  After  he  had  examined  and  studied  the  work  that  was  being  done,  he  was  con- 
vinced that  we  were  right,  and  that  his  objections  were  the  result  of  ignorance  on  the 
subject.  It  is  just  this  want  of  knowledge  that  we  have  to  contend  with  every  day. 

Having  occasion  to  be  in  Stratford  a few  days  ago,  we  observed  that  this  house  was 
being  painted  entirely  different  from  what  we  specified  it  to  be.  The  prevailing  color 
was  white,  with  dark  trimmings,  chamfered  work  in  gables,  etc.,  being  white,  and  in 
fact  the  whole  effect  was  spoiled.  The  colors  specified  were  : for  clapboards,  light  sage; 
corner-boards,  bands,  etc.,  buff;  chamfers  and  cut  work,  black;  but  were  entirely  dis- 
regarded. This  is  what  we  call  consulting  a physician,  and  then  taking  our  own  or  some 
one  else’s  physic. 

It  requires  as  much  judgment  and  taste  to  paint  a house,  so  as  to  bring  out  the  de- 
tail, and  give  the  desired  effect,  as  it  does  to  design  one. 


Plate  IX. 


pr 

Dl/\r()BER'  cdAfVj&ElFl 

/Z-Ct/S'-O  jo^ESSItJ^j  /2-i'xiS.C 

H F^QDK'j 


44 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  X and  XI. 

RESIDENCE  OF  F.  EGGE,  SEASIDE  PARK, 
BRID GEPORT,  CONN. 


This  is  the  most  charming  Cottage  we  have  ever  seen,  and  a great  many  people 
have  said  this;  it  is  also  our  model  six-room  Cottage.  Contains  all  the  modern  improve- 
ments and  conveniences,  at  a modern  price. 

The  underpinning  is  laid  with  red  brick  of  even  color,  and  trimmed  with  bands  of 
black  brick  and  tile.  These  brick  are  laid  in  red  and  black  mortar.  It  will  also  be  seen 
that  the  underpinning  extends  up  to  first  story  window-sill,  and  the  window-sill  and 
water-table  are  one,  and  which  is  thought  by  some  to  be  an  odd  feature.  The  roofs  are 
slated  with  the  best  black  slate,  with  clipped  corners,  making  a very  handsome  roof. 

The  interior  is  the  main  object  of  consideration,  and  is  simply  elegant,  and  is  in 
correct  keeping  with  a greater  refinement  of  taste,  and  a higher  degree  of  aesthetic  cul- 
ture, than  anything  we  know  of  in  this  part;  and  while  it  requires  a boldness  to  assert 
an  honest  preference  for  pine  or  ash,  finished  in  their  natural  colors,  over  the  futile 
attempts  at  imitating  walnut — as  the  crowning  boast  has  been  all  black  walnut — in  this 
case  the  whole  of  the  inside  work  is  finished  in  natural  wood,  being  filled.  The  pine  is 
equal  to  maple,  and  black  walnut  is  cheap  in  comparison  with  it.  There  are  no 
mouldings  or  paint  on  the  interior,  the  doors  and  architraves  are  finished  as  shown  in 
view  of  Living-room,  the  chamfers,  sunk  work,  etc.,  being  picked  out  in  black.  The 
mantels  are  of  ash,  also  the  side-board,  with  black  chamfers,  etc.,  the  fire-places  being 
built  of  buff  brick,  with  moulded  jambs.  The  toilet  and  bath-rooms  are  finished  in  ash. 

The  stained-glass  work  introduced  in  all  the  windows  abovettlie  transom  is  a new 
feature  for  this  part,  and  one  which  is  to  become  very  popular  in  all  domestic  buildings 
from  this  time  forward. 

Such  houses  erected  in  the  suburbs  of  our  cities  would  add  very  much  to  the  value 
of  the  ground  they  stand  on,  and  pay  a handsome  rate  of  interest  on  their  cost,  better 
than  any  other  class  of  building  investments,  as  the  supply  falls  far  short  of  the  demand. 
Business  men  and  others  wishing  to  reside  out  of  the  city  need  just  such  homes  as  this, 
and  we  wonder  capitalists  and  real  estate  owners  do  not  make  money  for  themselves  and 
others  by  erecting  such  tasteful,  yet  inexpensive,  suburban  homes. 

In  former  times  a house  like  this  would  be  painted  white,  but  we  are  glad  to  say 
that  much  improvement  has  of  late  been. made  in  this  respect;  but  unfortunately  this 
taste  for  white,  to  a certain  extent,  still  exists.  It  requires  a nice  and  cultivated  eye  to 
determine  the  colors  most  appropriate  and  effective  for  the  exterior  of  a house,  and  de- 
pends entirely  on  its  size,  form,  style,  etc.  A good  design  may  be  entirely  spoiled  by  the 
colors  used  in  painting,  and  the  beauty  of  the  landscape  is  often  marred  by  a white  house 
with  green  blinds.  This  Cottage  is  painted  a warm  red,  the  trimmings  being  darker 
than  the  ground  work,  and  the  chamfers  and  sunk  work  are  picked  out  in  black ; the 
sashes  are  painted  a dark  yellow,  giving  the  whole  a most  striking  and  effective  appear- 
ance. 

The  story  of  the  beauty  of  this  Cottage  has  been  noised  far  and  wide,  and  hundreds 
of  people  have  visited  it — some  who  were  intending  to  build  having  come  a hundred 


^Plate  X. 


46 


PALLISER’S  MODEL  HOMES. 


miles  to  see  it  and  consult  us.  Such  cottages  as  this  are  the  stimuli  that  is  to  work  a 
revolution  in  domestic  architecture,  and  sweep  away  ever}'thing  that  is  ugly  and  per- 
nicious to  the  eye  of  the  cultivated. 

A builder,  who  came  from  the  country  about  one  hundred  miles,  was  incredulous 
when  told  the  interior  wood-work  was  pine,  and  he  immediately  bet  a hat  it  was  maple, 
and  left  it  to  us  to  decide,  and  lost. 

An  Englishman  on  first  seeing  it  exclaimed  : “ It’s  a nice  ’ouse ! It  would  make  a 
nice  ’ome  for  h’any  man.” 

It  is  the  Cottage  par-excellence,  and  possesses  a beauty  far  beyond  the  houses  gener- 
ally seen  belonging  to  persons  much  higher  in  the  social  scale,  and  has  been  coveted  by 
those  who  could  purchase  it  fifty  times  over. 


The  whole  of  the  work  and  materials  are  first-class  in  every  respect.  Cost,  $2,775.00. 


When  this  Cottage  was  being  designed  the  owner  did  not  dictate  to  us  how  we 
should  place  the  rooms,  or  how  the  exterior  or  interior  should  be,  but  left  it  entirely 
to  us — and,  therefore,  he  has  something  to  his  and  everyone’s  liking. 

A house  of  effective  design  and  convenient  and  artistic  interior  will  add,  independ- 
ently of  its  cost,  to  the  value  of  the  property  which  surround  it,  and  is  often  what  secures 
the  purchaser.  And  it  is  the  same  with  houses  to  rent.  We  have  known  houses  of  the 
same  cost,  have  a difference  in  rental  of  fifty  per  cent.,  simply  because  one  was  built 
without  regard  to  taste,  comfort,  and  convenience,  and  the  other  thoroughly  designed  by 
an  experienced  Architect. 

A thing  of  beauty  is  a joy  forever 


Plate  XI. 


48 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XII. 


RESIDENCE  OF  REV.  DR.  MARBLE,  NEWTOWN,  CONN. 


This  house  commands  a particularly  fine  view  from  both  sides  and  the  front,  and  is 
situated  in  one  of  the  pleasantest  country  towns  in  New  England,  the  hotels  of  this  town 
being  crowded  during  the  summer  months  with  people  from  the  cities. 

The  exterior  design  is  plain,  yet  picturesque,  and  at  once  gives  one  an  idea  of  ease 
and  comfort.  The  roofing  over  the  Ilall  and  Sitting-room  is  a particularly  fine  feature, 
and  the  elevation  of  the  rear  is  very  striking,  the  roof  over  porch  being  a part  of  the 
main  roof. 

The  interior  arrangements  are  very  nice,  the  Hall  being  spacious,  and  in  it  we 
have  an  easy  and  handsome  stair-case  of  plain  design,  constructed  of  Georgia  pine; 
the  newel  extends  up  to  ceiling  of  first  floor,  while  the  other  two  posts  extend  up  to  ceiling 
•of  second  floor.  In  all  country  houses  one  of  the  first  things  to  be  aimed  at  is  to  secure 
ample  stair-cases,  and  until  a man  can  afford  space  for  an  easy  ascent  to  a second  floor 
lie  should  stay  below  ; and  to-day  we  find  in  houses,  where  there  is  no  necessity  for  it, 
stairs  that  are  little  better  than  step-ladders,  making  a pretence  of  breadth  at  the  bottom 
with  swelled  steps,  and  winding  the  steps  on  approaching  the  floor  above,  thus  making 
a trap  for  the  old  and  for  the  children. 

The  corner  fire-place  between  Parlor  and  Dining-room  is  a feature  we  indulge  in  to 
a great  extent  in  these  days  of  economy,  sliding  doors  and  fire-places,  although  we  some- 
times have  clients  who  object  to  this,  thinking  it  would  not  look  as  well  as  when  placed  in 
center  of  side  wall ; but  when  they  are  asked  how  this  and  that  can  be  provided  for  with 
the  best  and  most  economical  results,  they  readily  give  in. 

There  is  no  water-closet  in  the  house,  but  an  Earth-Closet  is  provided  in  the  rear 
Hall,  which  is  thoroughly  ventilated. 

The  Dining-room  is  a very  cheerful  room,  and  the  Kitchen  is  reached  through  a pas- 
sage also  connecting  with  side  veranda.  The  pantry  is  lighted  with  a window  placed 
above  press ; each  fire-place  is  furnished  with  a neat  hard-wood  mantel,  and  the  Hall  is 
finished  in  Georgia  pine,  the  floor  being  laid  with  this  material,  and  finished  in  natural 
color. 

The  exterier  is  painted  as  follows:  Ground,  light  slate;  trimmings,  buff,  and  cham- 
fers, black.  Cost,  $2,925. 

The  sight  of  this  house  in  the  locality  in  which  it  is  built  is  very  refreshing,  and  is 
greatly  in  advance  of  the  old  styles  of  rural  box  architecture  to  be  found  there.  When 
people  see  beautiful  things,  they  very  naturally  covet  them,  and  they  grow  discontented 
in  the  possession  of  ugliness.  Handsome  houses,  other  things  equal,  are  always  the  most 
valuable.  They  sell  the  quickest  and  for  the  most  money.  Builders  who  feign  a blind 
ness  to  beauty  must  come  to  grief. 


riate  XII. 


50 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XIII. 


RESIDENCE  OF  W.  W.  WOODRUFF,  MOUNT  CARMEL, 

CONN. 


This  design  was  carried  out  by  the  owner,  Mr.  Woodruff,  and  is  a very  neat  and 
attractive  home,  and  as  it  was  necessary  in  the  arranging  of  this  plan  to  obtain  the 
required  amount  of  room  and  conveniences  at  a given  cost,  the  exterior  had  to  be  very 
plain  and  simple  in  detail  to  allow  it. 

The  front  faces  the  west.  Thus  we  have  a south  view  from  four  rooms  on  first  floor, 
and  a front  view  from  Dining-room.  The  front  veranda  is  wide,  and  arranged  so  that 
a group  can  sit  out  upon  it  with  ease ; the  hall  is  eight  feet  wide,  with  an  easy  flight  of 
platform  stairs  leading  up  to  floor  above,  the  platform  or  landing  being  on  a level  with 
floor  over  Kitchen  wing,  making  two  risers  more  up  to  floor  in  main  house.  There  is  a 
cellar  under  whole  house,  the  Laundry  being  under  Kitchen.  The  stairs  to  cellar  are 
placed  under  main  stairs,  and  reached  directly  from  the  Kitchen.  The  wood-shed  is  a 
convenient  feature  to  all  country  houses,  and  should  always  be  connected  with  Kitchen; 
the  refrigerator  is  built  in  pantry,  with  an  opening  into  wood-shed,  through  which  to 
put  the  ice  into  tank;  the  connection  from  Kitchen  to  Dining-room  is  through  the  large 
china-closet,  which  is  fitted  up  with  shelves,  press,  table,  etc.,  and  makes  a perfect  but- 
ler’s pantry.  The  Parlor  and  Dining-room  are  connected  by  sliding  doors;  the  Dining 
and  Sitting-rooms  have  open  fire-places,  with  hard-wood  mantels ; the  Sitting-room  has 
a hard-wood  book-case  built  into  recess  to  right  of  mantel,  and  the  bed-room  connected 
with  Sitting-room  is  a good  room,  and  provided  with  two  closets  and  a stationary  wash- 
bowl. 

The  second  story  contains  four  large  chambers,  with  an  abundance  of  closet-room,  a 
good  servant’s  bed-room  over  Kitchen,  and  a large  bath  room ; hot  and  cold  water  is  sup- 
plied to  all  wash-bowls,  sink  and  bath.  There  is  also  a large  attic  over  the  second  floor, 
capable  of  being  finished  off  into  two  or  three  rooms  if  desired,  and  yet  have  enough  for 
storage.  The  roof  is  shingled,  and  the  exterior  walls  clapboarded ; the  interior  finished 
in  pine,  which  is  filled  with  Crockett’s  preservative,  the  cut  and  incised  work  being 
picked  out  in  black.  The  estimated  cost  of  this  house  is  $3,000,  and  is  a good  example 
of  what  can  be  done  for  that  sum,  as  the  general  arrangement  is  such  as  to  show  consid- 
erable variety  on  the  exterior,  producing  an  architectural  effect  only  obtained  by  the 
natural  combinations  and  workings  of  the  constructive  part  of  the  structure  with  the 
least  expenditure  of  labor  and  detail  in  design.  This  is  one  of  the  most  attractive  homes 
for  the  amount  expended,  and  for  the  country  is  all  that  is  desirable  in  every  respect. 


Plate  XIII. 


52 


pallisek’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XIV. 

RESIDENCE  OF  SILAS  W:  GARDINER , LYONS,  IOWA. 


The  simplicity  of  plan,  and  the  simple  manner  in  which  the  design  expresses  it,  is 
fairly  shown  in  the  picturesque  exterior  here  illustrated ; its  constructive  features  are 
fully  represented  in  the  gables,  cresting,  finials,  chimneys  and  porches.  The  house 
stands  on  a brick  underpinning,  and  is  a good  example  of  one  of  the  half-timber  and 
tile  designs  of  the  Jacobite  period,  though,  unlike  its  prototype,  shingles  cut  to  a pattern 
are  substituted  for  tiles  from  the  second  story  up.  The  first  story  shows  what  has  the  ap- 
pearance of  a timber  construction,  although  it  is  only  formed  in  the  ordinary  manner  of 
finishing  frame  buildings,  by  continuing  the  belts  through  and  connecting  them  with 
angle-boards,  being  clapboarded  with  narrow  clapboards  between,  in  the  customary  man- 
ner on  frame  buildings,  the  frame  being  first  sheathed,  then  covered  with  water-proof 
paper.  The  second  story  is  arranged  so  as  to  form  a hood  over  the  first,  being  furred  out 
by  a moulded  cornice  about  eight  inches,  at  which  the  shingles  are  curved  outwards. 
There  is  also  a similar  cornice  and  curve  at  the  head  of  the  second  story  window  casings, 
coming  out  flush  with  the  window  casings,  which  project  six  inches,  thereby  giving  a 
deep  recessed  window  on  the  inside.  The  first  story  windows  have  stained  glass  transom 
lights,  which  are  filled  with  foliated  centers  and  gothic  borders  in  leaded  frames,  which 
lend  a charm  to  the  interior  not  otherwise  obtainable.  The  floors  in  vestibule,  conser- 
vatory, bath-room  and  dining-room  are  of  ash  and  walnut ; the  doors  have  pine  styles 
and  rails  with  butternut  pauels ; architraves  of  butternut,  with  pine  door-stops  and  jambs, 
architraves  having  cut-work,  picked  out  in  color;  inside  blinds  of  butternut ; trimmings 
of  real  bronze.  The  work  on  second  story  all  pine ; and  the  whole  of  the  wood-work 
throughout,  including  hard-wood  floors,  finished  in  natural  color  of  the  wood  with  Crock- 
ett’s preservative.  The  mantels  are  of  hard  wood,  in  design  corresponding  with 
the  interior  finish.  The  plant  cabinet  is  placed  on  the  south  side,  and  connecting  as  it 
does  with  both  Sitting-room  and  Dining-room,  makes  it  very  desirable,  and  renders  it 
an  easy  matter  to  keep  it  warm. 

The  general  plan  suggests  itself  as  being  very  economical,  there  being  no  waste  of 
room,  as  everything  is  fully  taken  up  and  used  to  the  best  advantage.  The  attic  room 
over  Kitchen  and  Scullery  will  be  found  useful  for  storage.  The  roofs  are  shingled  and 
painted  black.  The  exterior  walls  are  painted — body  of  the  work  Venetian  red  and 
trimmed  with  Indian  red,  and  cut-work  in  black;  sash  cut  in  with  yellow;  pauels  under 
veranda  floors,  yellow.  The  cost  of  this  house  as  built  was  only  $3,000,  and  certainly  is 
a model  of  neatness,  and  a great  change  from  the  stereotyped  style  of  the  buildings  gen- 
erally erected  in  Western  towns. 

If  a private  house  is  built  without  the  services  of  an  architect,  it  is  the  general  and 
candid  acknowledgement  afterwards  that  a great  mistake  had  been  male,  and  how  many 
things  could  have  been  improved  by  the  employment  of  a skilled  man 


Plate  XIV. 


SecofJi] 


54 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XV. 


PAIR  OF  HOUSES  NEAR  NEW  HAVEN,  CONN. 

Times,  places  and  circumstances  have  at  all  periods  been  found  to  be  good  governors 
of  parties  who  have,  or  may  have  had,  real  estate  that  they  wanted  to  improve,  and 
among  the  many  ways  that  has  yet  been  devised  to  produce  a large  amount  of  room  at 
a small  cost,  giving  the  necessary  accommodations  to  separate  families,  the  double 
house, ‘undoubtedly  stands  ahead  as  far  as  economy  is  concerned;  one  lot  is  thus  made  to 
do^the  duty  of  two,  one  chimney,  one  wall  and  one  roof  doing  likewise;  and  while  we  have 
not  fully  made  up  our  minds  to  accept  the  double-house  system  as  a sure  indication  of 
the  near  approach  of  the  millenium,  yet  we  are  willing  to  accept  it  as  a nearer  approach 
to  the  attainment  of  a home — even  though  it  may  seem  to  be  only  half  a home— than 
that  system  so  prevalent  in  our  country  at  the  present  day  of  putting  one  family  on  a 
floor  directly  over  another,  the  beauties  of  which  is  a theme  poets  never  sing  about ; and 
while  the  double  house  has  its  many  drawbacks,  such  as  the  owner  of  one-half  painting 
the  exterior  white,  and  the  other  brown,  as  is  frequently  the  case,  plenty  of  proof  of 
which  can  be  seen  in  this  locality ; or  one  adding  a bay-window  and  enlarging,  while 
the  other  is  anxious  to  sell  out  on  account  of  his  neighbor’s  disposition  to  be  always 
making  improvements,  with  which  his  pocket-book  will  not  allow  him  to  keep  pace,  and 
plenty  of  like  trouble  in  the  same  spirit  that  we  could  enumerate,  all  of  which  we  know 
from  actual  observation  and  experience.  The  double  house  should  be  the  property  of 
one  man,  as  then  he  can  live  in  one-half,  and  either  rent  the  other  or  let  it  stand  empty 
to  suit  his  pleasure ; can  paint,  tear  down  and  build  up  when  it  suits  his  fancy,  or  can 
make  both  sides  into  one  should  his  family  wants  demand  it,  and  th\is  eventually  con- 
vert it  into  a home;  for  we  must  say  that  the  half  double  house  never  yet  associated  it- 
self in  our  minds  other  than  as  a mere  stopping  place,  wherein  we  are  waiting  for  the 
home  that  is  to  be,  and  sometimes  never  comes. 

The  design  here  illustrated  shows  a neat  and  attractive  front,  and  one  which  cannot 
fail  to  please  even  the  most  fastidious  double-house  critic,  and  if  they  are  as  numerous 
all  over  our  country  as  here,  they  are  legion.  The  halls  are  in  the  center  of  the  build- 
ing, stairs  being  placed  back  from  front  doors,  which  gives  a roomy  entrance — the  stairs 
to  cellar  being  under  main  stairs,  and  reached  from  the  Kitchen.  Each  half  contains 
six  good  rooms,  with  bath-room,  dressing-room,  pantry,  closets,  etc.,  with  a large  attic 
over  the  whole,  which  is  divided  by  center  wall  running  up  to  roof.  The  frame  is  a bal- 
loon, sheathed  and  clapboarded;  roof,  shingled  on  lath;  underpinning  of  brick;  inside 
blinds  to  bay-windows,  outside  blinds  elsewhere,  except  cellar  and  dormer.  That  it  is 
accomplishing  considerable  for  a small  equivalent  is  fully  seen,  when  such  a house  as 
this  is  erected  in  a first-class  manner,  with  all  the  improvements,  for  the  sum  of  $3,000. 


Plate  XV. 


56 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XVI. 

RESIDENCE  OF  A COUNTRY  PHYSICIAN. 

Within  a radius  of  fifty  miles  from  this  point,  taking  as  a center  the  present  position 
of  the  pen,  there  lives  a Doctor,  one  of  those  men  who  it  is  necessary  to  call  in  at  stated 
times  to  help  us  gather  our  scattered  roses ; or  when,  at  certain  periods,  it  is  strictly 
necessary  to  have  him  to  stand  by  as  a good  friend,  tried  and  true,  one  who  never  looks 
into  the  regions  of  grim  despair,  but  is  ever  ready  to  lift  us  up  into  the  light  of  restoring 
hope ; in  fact,  one  of  nature’s  noblemen,  who  we  learn  to  look  up  to  in  our  childish  faith 
when  the  aches  and  pains  are  racking  our  weary  heads.  Such  an  one  was  our  Doctor. 
He  owned  a lot ; it  was  a good  large  one,  not  the  city  lot,  25x100,  which  is  hardly  large 
enough  to  breathe  in,  but  a two-acre  lot.  This  had  a frontage  of  150  feet  on  the  south, 
thereby  giving  ample  room  for  the  well-kept  lawn,  whereon  the  Doctor  intended  to  take 
some  muscular  exercise  during  the  spring  and  summer  months  in  toying  with  the  lawn- 
mower.  The  Doctor  did  not  want  a large  house,  but  a good,  plain,  country  house 
wherein  his  family  could  live  and  he  could  pursue  his  daily  avocation,  as  far  as  his  busi- 
ness went,  without  interfering  with  the  privacy  of  his  home.  He  must  have  the  follow- 
ing rooms  on  first  floor:  Parlor,  Sitting-Room,  Dining-Room  and  Kitchen,  with  all  neces- 
sary closets  and  other  conveniences,  front  and  back  stairs,  a Reception-Room  for  patients, 
a Consultation-Room  and  a Laboratory  ; a drive  porch  for  everyday  use,  and  a spacious 
front  porch  and  front  veranda  if  it  could  be  done.  He  must  be  able  to  pass  in  at  any 
door  and  out  at  the  other  without  disturbing  any  part  of  the  house.  All  rooms  on  first 
floor  to  have  open  fire-places,  and  as  many  on  the  second  floor  as  possible ; five  good 
Bed-rooms,  Bath-room,  plenty  of  closets.  Cellar  under  the  whole  house  and  Laundry 
under  Kitchen.  The  matter  of  drainage  to  be  properly  arranged,  and  there  being  a run- 
ning stream  in  the  rear  of  lot,  the  Doctor  congratulated  himself  that  he  would  not  live 
on  sewer  gas.  Yet  the  drains  must  be  well  ventilated  and  a trap  placed  in  main 
pipe  just  clear  of  the  house.  This,  the  Doctor  said,  if  good  for  nothing  else  would  keep 
the  rats  from  entering  the  house  by  the  drains.  The  house  to  be  heated  by  steam  heater 
placed  in  the  cellar,  the  necessary  provisions  for  which  were  to  be  made,  together  with 
store  and  vegetable  cellars,  coal  and  wood  aud  a water-closet,  which  must  be  ventilated 
into  one  of  the  chimney  flues,  and  also  have  an  outside  window.  All  the  above  are  em- 
bodied in  the  design  with  the  exception  of  Sitting-Room,  which  at  the  specified  price 
could  not  be  done,  so  we  made  the  front  Hall  into  a Sitting-Room,  which  the  Doctor  says 
is  truly  beautiful,  and  the  best  and  most  useful  room  in  the  house.  Here  is  the  open  fire- 
place wherein  the  wood  fire  glows  cheerfully  upon  the  hearth,  and  round  which  it  is  so 
pleasant  to  gather.  The  mantel  is  built  of  wood,  with  a large  hood  over  it  and  a clock 
built  in  it.  The  walls  are  wainscoted,  ceiling  finished  in  wood,  giving  an  old-time  wel- 
come and  an  hospitable  appearance  to  those  coming  in  to  visit  the  family,  and  that 
which  should  be  felt  on  entering  any  house,  no  matter  how  humble  it  may  be.  The 
staircase  is  of  ash,  and  well-lighted  from  above  through  a stained-glass  window  in 
roof,  which  gives  a mellow  light  to  the  rear  of  Hall.  The  entire  finish  of  Hall,  Parlor 
and  Dining-Room  is  in  ash,  the  balance  being  in  pine,  and  all  finished  in  its  natural  color 
and  beauty.  The  Doctor  said  he  wanted  no  paint,  no  graining,  but  his  pine  was  to  be 
pine — his  ash,  ash.  No  deception  was  to  he  put  in  his  house  and  he  has  got  none.  Here 
our  Doctor  knew  what  he  wanted.  He  had  studied  his  wants  for  years,  and  when  the 
time  came  for  building  he  only  had  to  give  his  problem  and  there  was  no  trouble  to 
work  it  out,  as  the  plan  plainly  speaks  for  itself.  This  home  is  not  an  expensive  one, 
but  a home  in  every  sense  of  the  word,  where  the  homely  virtues  daily  grow  stronger, 
and  the  true,  manly  acts  of  kindness,  charity  and  good  feeling  toward  all  men  are  the 
ruling  principle.  The  cost  of  this  house  without  heating  is  only  $3,300,  a proof  that  no 
country  Doctor  can  afford  to  be  without  a real  live  breathing  place. 


riate  X VI. 


58 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XVII. 

PAIR  OF  HOUSES  AT  BRIDGEPORT,  CONN. 

These  houses  are  built  on  an  odd-shaped  lot,  thus  giving  us  an  opportunity  to  design 
two  houses  adjoining,  and  yet  independent  and  separate  from  each  other.  The  entrances 
are  entirely  separate  from  each  other,  while  they  occupy  the  same  relative  position  to 
each  house.  Under  each  front  porch  there  is  an  entrance  into  basement,  which  in  the 
rear  is  entirely  out  of  ground.  In  this  basement  on  the  front  is  a large  Dining-room,  and 
on  the  rear  a Kitchen,  with  pantry  and  china-closet  between.  There  is  a cellar  under 
basement  for  heating  purposes,  fuel,  etc. 

By  a careful  study  it  will  be  seen  that  these  houses  are  extremely  simple  in  the  ar- 
rangement of  the  rooms.  In  fact,  it  bears  out  this  idea  of  simplicity  all  through.  The 
rooms  on  the  first  floor  are  large,  and  arranged  to  make  a good  disposition  of  the  furni- 
ture. On  the  second  floor  the  dressing-room  over  hall  can  be  used  as  a child’s  bed-room 
in  connection  with  the  family  chamber,  being  connected  with  each  other  by  means  of  a 
sliding-door.  A room  is  provided  in  attic  for  servant. 

The  interior,  finished  throughout,  is  in  a plain,  neat  style ; mantels  of  hard  wood ; 
and  altogether  they  are  very  desirable  dwellings,  which  cannot  fail  to  rent  readily,  and 
pay  a good  interest  on  the  outlay. 

The  whole  effect  of  the  building  is  very  happy.  The  shadows,  which  go  far  to 
produce  a fine  effect,  in  this  case  lend  themselves  to  the  whole  in  a pleasing  manner. 
Cost,  $3,350. 

It  is  astonishing  what  a number  of  people  will  commence  building,  and  plan  their 
houses  as  the  work  progresses,  which  is  probably  one  of  the  worst  ways  of  conducting 
one’s  building  affairs  ; and  a case  came  to  our  notice  a short  time  ago  which  illustrates 
some  of  the  disadvantages  of  building  in  this  way.  A gentleman,  two  thousand  miles 
from  us,  went  to  work  to  build  his  house  ; got  the  cellar  up  and  ready  for  frame,  but 
when  he  came  to  plan  the  first  floor,  there  were  many  things  he  did  not  know  how  to 
arrange  so  as  to  have  them  satisfactory.  There  were  fire-places  to  get  in,  sliding-doors, 
stairs,  etc.,  which  puzzled  his  brains  no  small  amount,  and  he  finally  gave  it  up,  after  spend- 
ing considerable  time  and  study  on  it ; sent  on  to  us  for  full  drawings,  details  and  speci- 
fications— sending  his  sketches,  and  informing  us  what  he  wanted.  We  comprehended 
Ms  wants  in  a few  moments,  and  by  our  long  practice  were  enabled  to  make  the  desired 
arrangement  which  the  amateur  could  not  find  by  long  study.  This  gentleman  says  if 
he  had  carried  on  his  building  without  our  assistance,  he  would  have  made  a bungling 
mess  of  it,  but  now  he  has  the  most  picturesque  and  convenient  home  in  the  town,  and 
that  he  is  not  an  architect,  and  never  could  be. 


Flute  XVII 


60 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plates  XVIII.  and  XIX. 


RESIDENCE  OF  FRANK  II.  UNDERWOOD, 
TOLLAND,  CONN. 


This  country  residence  embraces  many  novel  and  good  features  of  exterior  variety 
and  interior  compactness  and  convenience.  The  workmanship  and  materials  throughout 
have  been  of  the  best  description,  the  materials  being  purchased  by  the  owner  and  the 
work  done  by  the  day,  and  no  pains  have  been  spared  to  make  it  first-class  in  every  respect. 

The  interior  arrangement  is  very  complete  and  unique,  the  Hall  being  finished  in 
Oak,  Parlor  in  Maple,  Library  and  Dining-Room  in  Ash,  all  the  fire-places  having  hard- 
wood mantels  of  handsome  design.  The  conservatory  is  a pleasing  feature  of  the  first- 
floor  plan,  and  is  accessible  from  the  Dining-Room  through  a casement  window;  access 
is  also  obtained  in  a like  manner  to  porch  in  rear  of  Dining-Room.  A clothes-shute  is 
arranged  from  second  floor  to  soiled  clothes-closet  in  Laundry,  an  arrangement  that  is 
appreciated  by  every  housekeeper. 

Stained  glass  is  used  in  all  the  windows  above  transoms'.  Roofs  are  slated  and  ridges 
covered  with  red  terra  cotta  cresting.  The  interior  wood-work  is  filled  with  Crockett’s 
Preservative.  The  heating  is  done  by  indirect  radiation,  steam  being  brought  into  cellar 
from  the  Underwood  Belting  Company’s  Factory.  Cost  about  $4,500  00. 

The  cost  of  a house  is  the  one  thing  desirable.  Every  one  asks  what  this  and  that 
will  cost,  and  a great  many  people  who  have  started  out  to  build  without  first  ascertain- 
ing what  their  building  would  cost,  have  been  very  much  deceived  when  all  the  bills 
have  been  received  and  the  amount  aggregated.  We  know  of  one  instance  where  a 
gentleman,  some  years  ago,  was  erecting  a large  residence  by  the  day,  and  did  not  have 
any  idea  when  he  commenced  what  it  was  likely  to  cost ; and  long  before  the  structure 
was  completed  he  had  paid  out  over  $30,000,  and  was  so  disgusted  with  it  that  he  would 
not  keep  any  further  account ; and  to-day  this  house  which  cost  so  much  money  could  be 
duplicated  for  $10,000.  This  is  what  we  call  bad  management.  However,  as  times  are 
at  present  there  is  likely  to  be  but  very  little  of  such. 

It  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  any  one  without  building  experience  who  undertakes 
the  erection  of  a building  in  this  way,  unless  there  are  special  circumstances  governing 
the  case,  will  have  to  pay  for  the  knowledge  he  will  gain.  A business  man  wants  to 
know,  after  his  ideas  are  put  into  a tangible  form,  how  much  all  this  will  cost  in  dollars 
and  cents,  without  any  extras  or  additional  charges  whatsoever,  and  it  is  right  and 
proper  that  every  one  should  look  through  all  the  links  and  complications  that  require 
the  expenditure  of  a considerable  sum  of  money.  And  no  one  who  starts  out  with  the 
intention  of  spending  $4,000  in  the  erection  of  a dwelling  and  winds  up  with  three  times 
that  amount  will  be  likely  to  think  they  have  used  much  judgment,  and  will  try  and 
shift  the  blame  on  some  one  else.  But  it  is  one  of  those  things  that  time  will  place 
where  it  belongs.  A building  will  vary  in  cost  of  construction  according  to  locality,  and 
will  also  depend  greatly  on  the  business  management. 


1'late  A V 1 11 


62 


pallisek’s  model  homes. 


Where  parties  have  their  work  executed  by  the  day  instead  of  by  contract  they  will 
evidently  save  money,  provided  they  are  good  managers,  and  have  some  one  on  the 
works  to  drive  the  men  that  are  engaged,  as  it  is  well  known  by  those  familiar  with 
workmen,  that  when  they  know  the  work  is  being  done  by  the  day,  it  is  impossible  to 
get  them  to  do  as  much  work  unless  they  are  drove.  Some  mechanics  will  tell  you  this 
is  nonsense,  but  we  know  from  experience  it  is  not.  A man  may  say  that  he  will  do  just 
as  big  a day’s  work  no  matter  which  way  he  may  be  employed,  but  he  will  do  the  most 
when  working  by  the  job.  Any  master  mechanic  of  experience  will  tell  you  the  same, 
as  he  knows  very  well  that  if  he  does  not  keep  his  men  to  work,  but  allow  them  to  do 
about  as  they  please  in  this  respect,  that  he  will  be  unable  to  stand  it  and  compete  with 
others.  Several  of  the  large  manufacturers  contract  the  whole  of  their  works  in  the 
shops,  simply  because  they  can  get  so  much  more  work  done  for  the  money  by  contract 
than  they  can  to  hire  the  men  by  the  day. 

Some  say  that  work  is  better  executed  when  done  by  the  day.  It  may  and  it  may 
not.  In  some  cases  we  have  known  it  done  badly,  and  the  owner,  rather  than  go  to  the 
expense  of  having  it  changed  and  made  right,  has  said  let  it  go;  and  some  mechanics 
are  liable  to  do  things  wi’ong,  especially  when  they  have  no  one  to  look  after  them,  as  a 
contractor,  whose  interest  it  is  to  have  the  work  done  right  the  first  time,  as  otherwise 
he  will  have  to  be  at  the  expense  of  making  it  right. 

A first-class  builder  of  some  years  ago,  now  retired,  in  a conversation  recently 
informed  us  that  his  opinion  was  that  half  the  builders  of  the  present  day  did  not  know 
how  to  estimate  on  work,  as  when  he  built  his  residence  he  could  not  get  a reasonable  esti- 
mate; therefore  went  to  work  and  had  it  done  by  the  day,  superintending  the  work  him- 
self, and  in  this  way  his  house  cost  him  $4,500  less  than  the  lowest  estimate  he  received. 

A case  or  two  in  the  last  few  weeks  came  to  our  notice,  which  convinced  us  that  this 
is  true  to  a certain  extent  at  least.  We  prepared  drawings,  etc.,  for  a public  building 
for  a country  town,  to  come  within  a certain  appropriation,  but  when  estimates  were 
handed  in  from  local  builders  they  all  exceeded  the  amount  considerable;  therefore, 
builders  from  the  city,  a few  miles  distant,  were  allowed  to  estimate,  and  their  bids  all 
came  within  the  amount  appropriated.  There  being  considerable  art  work  in  the  design, 
the  local  builders  did  not  know  its  worth  and  did  not  take  the  trouble  to  find  out;  and 
as  one  of  these  builders  was  on  the  Committee,  new  plans  were  ordered  and  made  so  that 
the  local  builders  could  do  it. 

Another  similar  case,  that  of  a party  in  a village,  secured  from  us  a design  not  to 
exceed  a certain  sum  in  execution;  but  his  village  builders  did  not  seem  to  understand 
the  design,  and  when  they  had  estimated  he  found  he  would  have  to  modify  it.  But  the 
idea  struck  him  to  send  to  a city,  one  hundred  miles  away,  and  get  a couple  of  first-class- 
builders  to  estimate,  men  of  standing,  and  who  were  known  to  do  good  work ; and  in 
less  than  two  weeks  one  of  them  had  the  building  under  way,  and  the  local  builders 
were  very  mad  at  losing  the  work. 

When  estimates  on  a building  run  from  $28,000  to  $15,000,  and  the  lowest  does  the 
work  and  makes  money,  somebody  don’t  know  their  business,  and  on  all  work  there  is  a, 
vast  difference  between  the  highest  and  lowest  bid. 


Plate  XIX. 


c e:LL  a r 


64 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XX. 


FARM  BARN,  AND  HENNERY. 

The  illustration  on  opposite  page  gives  a correct  idea  of  a country  farm  barn,  which 
will  interest  those  who  are  agriculturally  inclined.  To  the  farmer  it  is  one  of  the  most 
important  things  how  he  shall  house  his  stock,  and  provide  storage  for  his  grain,  fodder, 
etc.,  and  yet  do  it  in  an  economical  manner;  and  the  many  farm  barns  that  are  to  be  seen, 
with  their  chopped  up  and  checkered  appearance,  indicate  that  this  matter  has  not  had  a 
proper  amount  of  study  and  forethought.  The  farmer  goes  on  and  builds  a little  at  a 
time,  never  thinking  or  looking  far  enough  ahead  to  know  what  his  wants  really  may  be 
when  his  farm  is  being  worked  to  its  proper  capacity.  If  you  own  a farm,  and  intend 
to  be  a good  farmer,  start  out  with  a determination  to  have  only  suitable  farm  buildings, 
such  as  will  look  well  from  your  neighbor’s  house.  Let  your  barns  look  like  barns, 
your  houses  like  houses.  We  would  not  for  anything  have  your  barns  be  mistaken  for 
houses,  or  your  houses  for  barns;  for  such  things  we  have  seen,  and  it  makes  us  feel  as 
if  there  was  a screw  loose  somewhere.  Barns  should  not  be  built  for  show.  They  should 
of  course  be  made  to  look  well,  and  be  pleasant  spots  in  the  landscape,  and  built  in  the 
most  substantial  manner  possible — should  be  arranged  to  save  as  much  labor  as  possible 
in  the  care  of  the  animals  that  are  to  be  housed  and  fed  in  them.  Let  them  be  well  ven- 
tilated and  lighted,  properly  floored ; the  stone-work  of  the  foundation  thoroughly  built, 
not  dry,  but  laid  up  in  good  cement  mortar.  Don’t  invite  the  rats,  as  they  will  come 
without.  And  it  has  always  been  a mystery  to  us  why  the  farmers  have  not,  in  a general 
way,  been  wide  awake  enough  to  their  own  interests  to  properly  house  their  fowls,  instead 
of  letting  them  run  wild  over  the  whole  place,  and  roost  on  wagons,  carts  and  agricultural 
implements  when  not  in  use  and  stored ; to  let  them  lay  their  eggs  where  they  please, 
and  then  have  the  pleasure  of  hunting  for  them,  and  often  finding  them  at  a late  day — 
such  certainly  must  be  the  case,  else  why  so  many  bad  eggs  amongst  those  “ nice  fresh 
country  eggs.”  Chickens  are  one  of  the  most  profitable  adjuncts  to  any  farm,  and  it  is  a 
very  easy  matter  to  keep  them  where  there  is  a number  of  cattle  to  feed. 

The  Hennery  here  shown  was  carried  out  as  an  addition  to  barn  at  hill  side  farm,  New 
Milford,  Conn.,  owned  by  Egbert  Marsh,  Esq.,  and  shows  Mr.  Marsh’s  ideas  of  what  a well- 
regulated  Hennery  should  be  to  make  it  both  a pleasure  and  a profit.  As  the  shed  below 
is  a necessity  in  connection  with  barn,  and  a roof  indispensable,  the  only  additional  ex- 
pense is  the  floor,  one  side  and  ends,  with  the  interior  fittings,  to  make  a Hennery  which 
will  accommodate  easily  one  hundred  to  two  hundred.  The  floor  should  be  tightly 
boarded,  then  covered  with  a coat  of  boiled  pitch  and  tar,  on  which  spread  soil  two  to 
thi’ee  inches  in  depth.  This  will  give  an  excellent  scratching  and  wallowing  ground. 
The  windows  all  arranged  to  slide  sideways,  the  openings  on  outside  being  covered  with 
wire  netting  ; the  feed  bin  built  so  as  to  hold  several  bushels,  and  arranged  to  take  care 
of  itself,  by  constructing  the  bottom  so  as  to  empty  into  a small  trough  into  Hennery,  in 
front  of  which  is  placed  a perch  ; the  chicks  to  feed  in  space  adjoining  marked  chickens, 
which  is  enclosed  by  pickets,  open  enough  for  them  to  run  through.  Nest  boxes  are  ar- 
ranged in  tiers,  one  above  another,  and  loose,  so  they  can  be  taken  through  into  nest-room 
and  emptied,  and  for  setting  hens,  turned  around  and  fed  from  nest  room.  The  fatten- 
ing room  is  arranged  so  as  to  be  darker,  and  will  be  found  desirable  for  fattening  poultry 
for  market  or  home  consumption.  A running  stream  of  water  should  be  so  arranged  as  to 
always  supply  fresh  water  in  Hennery,  and  which  should  be  had  in  barn  for  cattle.  This 
could,  as  in  this  case,  be  brought  in  a pipe  from  a spring  in  the  hill-side,  a short  distance 
above  the  barn,  and  which  not  only  supplies  the  bam,  but  the  house  with  a never-failing 
supply  of  clear  spring  water.  The  run  from  Hennery  is  so  arranged  that  the  fowls  can 
be  either  let  into  shed  or  directly  out  of  doors.  This  run  being  hinged  on  top,  and  oper- 
ated by  weights  and  a cord,  is  controlled  from  feed  room,  thus  completely  shutting  off 
the  Hennery  from  floor  below,  when  required.  The  arrangement  of  stalls,  as  here  shown, 
is  convenient,  and  cannot  fail  but  be  suggestive  for  those  interested  in  such  matters,  while 
the  conveniences  above  cannot  fail  to  please,  as  the  facilities  for  driving  right  in  with  a 
load  from  either  side  is  what  should  always  be  had  in  a barn  of  this  class.  This  barn  is, 
of  course,  capable  of  many  changes  to  suit  individual  wants,  circumstances  and  locations, 
and  is  far  from  costly ; and  there  are  farmers  who  could,  with  very  little  trouble,  put  up 
their  own  barns,  if  they  would  only  wake  up  to  a full  realization  of  their  own  capabilities. 


Plate  XX. 


66 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XXI. 


STABLE  AND  CARRIAGE  HOUSE. 


This  design  was  prepared  for  erection  in  connection  with  the  proposed  residence  of 
Mr.  E.  G.  Burnham  at  Sea  Side  Park,  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  and  is  arranged  to  suit  the  re- 
quirements of  individual  wants,  as  well  as  the  peculiarities  of  the  site.  There  is  a cellar 
built  under  carriage  house,  which  will  be  found  useful  for  the  storage  of  vegetables, 
roots,  etc.,  and  the  carriage  house  being  arranged  to  drive  through,  makes  it  very  con- 
venient for  every-day  use,  as  well  as  utilizing  the  room.  The  shed  is  designed  as  a shel- 
ter for  horse  and  carriage,  so  that  the  horse  can  be  fed  noon  times  without  unhitching — 
a very  convenient  arrangement  for  a business  man,  who  has  little  time  to  spare  in  the 
middle  of  the  day.  The  two  stalls  and  box-stall  give  ample  room  for  two  or  three 
horses,  while  there  is  room  enough  for  three  carriages.  On  second  story  is  provided  a 
man’s  chamber,  liay-loft  and  feed  room — the  feed  bins  being  built  into  position,  and 
having  shutes  down  to  stable  below. 

The  building  is  of  wood,  frame  sheathed,  and  lower  or  first  story  clap-boarded  and 
shingled  above,  roof  slated.  The  ventilator  is  connected  with  stable  below  by  means  of 
wooden  vent  pipes,  and  thoroughly  ventilates  the  whole  building.  Harness  room  has  an 
open  fire-place,  the  chimney  running  up  through  man’s  room  on  second  floor.  The  hay- 
racks, mangers  and  stable  fixtures  are  of  iron.  Water  is  supplied  on  first  floor,  and  the 
manure  is  dropped  through  the  trap,  as  indicated  on  plan,  into  a pit  built  for  that  pur- 
pose, and  which  is  accessible  from  exterior.  The  carriage  house  is  ceiled  on  sides  with 
Georgia  pine;  the  timbers  overhead  dressed  and  chamfered.  The  harness  room  is  fitted 
up  with  the  necessary  hooks,  pins,  etc.,  for  hanging  and  storing  harness.  The  whole 
built  in  a first-class  manner  at  a cost  of  $850,  and  makes  a neat  building  for  the  purpose, 
and  one  which  is  in  harmony  with  its  surroundings. 


Plate  XXI, 


68 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XXII. 

DESIGN  FOR  PUBLIC  SCHOOL  BUILDING. 


This  plate  shows  a design  for  a good,  solid,  plain  public  school  building,  designed 
for  the  town  of  Milan,  Mo.  That  it  is  somewhat  out  of  the  ordinary  run  of  the  every 
day  French  roof  architecture  we  are  fully  aware ; and  in  drawing  the  plans  for  this 
building  we  have  had  quite  a difficult  problem  to  solve.  The  general  dimensions  are  55 
by  70  feet;  first  and  second  stories  having  each  14-feet  ceilings,  while  the  Assembly- 
room  on  third  floor  has  a ceiling  16  feet  6 inches  in  height.  The  materials  are  hard- 
burned  brick,  relieved  with  bands  of  black  brick  ; window-sills,  lintels,  water-table  and 
underpinning  of  stone ; the  roofs  all  being  slated,  floors  all  lined  and  deadened,  walls 
built  hollow  with  two  inches  air  space. 

The  design  is  very  simple,  and  thoroughly  constructive  in  all  its  parts ; the  cornices 
consisting  of  brick  brackets,  and  surmounted  with  a wooden  gutter,  lined  with  metal. 
The  school-rooms  are  arranged  so  they  have  an  abundance  of  light,  are  well-ventilated 
and  easy  of  access,  and  though  all  are  in  close  proximity  to,  yet  are  in  a measure  isolated 
from,  each  other;  being  divided  by  brick  partition  walls,  the  transmission  of  sound  from 
one  room  to  another  is  effectually  prevented. 

The  entrances  are  placed  in  front  and  rear,  and  consist  of  spacious  stone  steps,  with 
brick  porch  on  front  and  slated  hood  on  rear ; the  vestibules  opening  into  a hall  16  feet 
wide,  which  contains  a wide  and  easy  stair-case,  leading  up  to  floors  above.  This  hall 
is  convenient  to  all  rooms,  and  the  advantages  it  possesses,  running  as  it  does  through 
the  building,  are  at  once  obvious,  as  the  unequalled  ventilating  facilities  it  affords  render 
it  one  of  the  best  features  of  the  plan.  The  Basement  is  reached  by  stairs  under  the 
main  stairs,  and  is  used  for  heating  and  play-room  purposes,  which  is  well  lighted,  ven- 
tilated, etc. 

The  vestibules  on  front  and  rear  are  easy  of  access,  passing  through  which  we  reacb 
the  main  hall,  from  which  the  three  school  rooms  open,  also  the  hat  and  cloak  rooms 
for  each.  The  sides  of  the  school-rooms  are  wainscoted  to  the  height  of  window  sills, 
above  which  are  placed  black-boards.  A teacher’s  room  is  placed  between  the  two 
smaller  school-rooms,  and  a class-room  is  provided  in  connection  with  the  larger  room, 
also  a teacher’s  room,  which  is  reached  from  the  rear  vestibule.  Ventilating  flues  are 
carried  up  in  the  four  chimneys,  and  as  these  run  up  above  the  roof,  superior  draughts 
are  obtained.  Ascending  to  the  second  floor  by  the  spacious  and  easy  stairs,  we  have  a 
large  lecture  room,  two  school-rooms,  hat  and  cloak  rooms,  a teacher’s  room  and  appara- 
tus room,  all  connected  with  the  hall.  On  third  floor  is  a room  27x42  feet,  with  a 
ceiling  16  feet  6 inches  high,  well  lighted  and  ventilated,  which  at  times  would  be  found 
indispensable  for  exhibition  purposes,  as  it  is  admirably  situated,  and  easy  of  access  from 
all  parts  of  the  building;  and  the  four  walls  of  this  room  being  required  for  a support 
to  roof,  it  will  be  seen  no  extra  expense  is  added  in  getting  this  room,  while  the  space 
around  it  serves  as  storage  and  for  ventilating  purposes.  The  bell  tower  speaks  for  it- 
self, and  is  not  only  useful,  but  gives  a greater  prominence  to  the  building.  This  is  a 
common-sense  school  building,  and  one  that  gives  all  that  it  is  possible  to  do  for  the 
amount  of  money  expended,  as  the  whole  of  the  detail  is  simple,  everything  being 
hone«t,  practical  and  substantial.  Cost,  $8,000.00. 


Plate  XXII, 


70 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XXIII : 

MASONIC  ASSOCIATION  BUILDING. 


This  design  was  prepared  for  erection  at  Milford,  Conn.,  for  the  Masonic  Lodge  at 
that  town,  and  is  a well-arranged  building  for  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  intended.  The 
ground  floor  makes  a very  large  and  commodious  store,  being  well  lighted,  ventilated, 
etc.  The  front  platform  and  show-windows  are  covered  with  a slated  hood,  serving  as  a 
protection  to  the  goods  displayed  from  the  weather,  as  well  as  sheltering  the  entrances 
and  show-windows  to  the  store  from  the  heat  and  storm.  The  side  front  door  is  arranged 
so  as  to  divide  the  store  in  two  if  required,  as  it  was  considered  an  excellent  place  in  which 
to  arrange  the  post-office  on  the  right  hand  side  of  centre  entrance.  There  is  a cellar 
under  the  whole  building,  with  a stairway  from  store  placed  under  main  stairs,  and  also 
an  outside  entrance  on  the  rear,  which,  as  the  building  stands  upon  a corner  lot,  is  very 
convenient  and  easy  of  access. 

The  entrance  to  lodge  rooms  is  placed  on  the  side  front,  and  is  thus  isolated  from 
the  store.  This  entrance  is  protected  by  a cosy  porch,  over  which  the  second  story  is 
extended,  making  the  necessary  recess  for  organ  in  lodge  room.  The  lodge  room,  with 
its  ante-rooms,  closets,  etc.,  will  at  once  be  seen,  by  those  who  are  initiated  in  the  mys- 
teries of  Masonry,  to  be  all  that  is  desirable,  and  arranged  to  suit  the  requirements  of  a 
regularly  constituted  lodge  of  A.  F.  and  A.  M.  The  east  end  of  the  lodge  room  is  very 
neat  and  effective,  the  recess  behind  the  W.  M.  having  a circle  head,  with  the  round  stained 
glass  window  placed  in  the  upper  part,  in  which  is  worked  the  all-seeing  eye,  and  other 
appropriate  emblems.  The  other  windows  have  transom  lights,  filled  with  stained  glass, 
in  which  is  worked  such  designs  as  are  emblematical  of  Masonry.  The  wood-work  is 
all  in  pine,  finished  with  Crockett’s  preservative,  chamfers  and  cut-work  black.  The 
lodge  room  ceiling  is  16  feet  high,  the  two  sides  being  cut  off  with  the  slope  of  the  roof, 
which  forms  an  excellent  surface  for  the  brethren  artistically  inclined  to  show  what  they 
know  about  fresco-work  suited  to  such  a place.  The  stairs  leading  from  Tyler’s  lobby 
extend  up  to  a large  room  over  the  ante-room  and  preparation  room,  whose  ceilings  are  10 
feet  6 inches  high,  arranged  for  storage  purposes,  and  which  will  be  found  useful  to  accom- 
modate the  paraphernalia  required  in  working  the  degrees  of  a chapter.  Some  of  our 
Masonic  friends  may  say  there  is  something  wanting,  which  always  goes  with  a lodge 
room  for  a chapter.  To  which  we  would  say:  be  not  alarmed ; all  this  has  been  thought 
about  and  provided  for  ; and  we  would  say  to  those  requiring  such  plans  that  there  is 
here  room  for  everything  required  in  working  every  degree  known  to  Masonry  in  a man- 
ner suited  to  the  requirements  of  a lodge  of  this  kind — and  we  speak  understanding^ 
and  from  experience. 

The  construction  throughout  is  of  wood,  built  in  the  most  thorough  manner;  hard- 
pine  floor  in  store;  lodge  room  floors  double  and  thoroughly  deadened;  frame  sheathed 
and  covered  with  heavy  felt  paper,  and  the  roof  is  of  black  slate,  with  ridges  of  terra 
cotta;  tower  finial  of  iron.  The  cost  of  this  building  complete  is  $3,000;  and  we  think 
that  no  country  town  having  a lodge  of  Masons  can  afford  to  be  without  such  a building 
as  this,  as  by  owning  such  a building,  they  are  fulfilling  one  of  the  tenets  of  Masonry,  be- 
sides being  a monument  of  the  taste,  spirit  and  liberality  of  its  founders. 


72 


palliser's  model  homes. 


Plate  XX ir. 


DESIGN  FOR  A COUNTRY  BANK  AND  LIBRARY. 


This  design  shows  a good  study  for  a Bank  and  Library,  suited  to  the  requirements 
of  a small  country  town.  The  first  or  ground  floor  contains  the  Banking-room,  which 
is  large  and  spacious,  and  adapted  to  the  wants  and  requirements  of  both  National  and 
Savings  Bank.  The  business  room  is  reached  by  a separate  entrance  through  a tiled 
vestibule.  The  vault  is  very  large,  and  should  be  built  upon  a solid  granite  foundation, 
interior  lined  with  a steel  case  one  inch  thick,  next  to  which  should  be  granite  stones 
one  foot  thick,  doweled  together  with  steel  dowels,  then  outside  of  this,  one  foot  thick 
with  best  hard  brick,  laid  in  Portland  cement;  the  doors  to  be  double,  with  heavy  iron 
vestibules,  grouted  in  with  Portland  cement,  the  top  covered  with  railroad  iron,  on 
which  place  a floor  of  granite  thoroughly  grouted,  etc.  A guard  room  could  be  here 
placed  between  the  Bank-vault  and  the  Library -vault.  This  room  could  be  reached 
from  Lavatory,  and  by  having  an  opening  over  vault  door,  the  guard  could  control  the 
entrance. 

The  private  office  would  be  found  very  useful  for  Director’s  meetings  and  private 
business  generally.  The  cellar  contains  the  necessary  room  for  heating  apparatus,  fuel, 
etc.,  and  is  reached  by  a stairway  from  Director’s  room,  having  no  outside  entrance.  The 
side-wall  desk  in  business-room  is  an  indispensable  feature  in  all  banks,  and  the  settees 
placed  each  side  of  front  windows  would  be  found  very  convenient  during  business 
hours.  The  bank  counters,  fittings  and  finish  on  this  floor  to  be  of  ash,  filled.  Floors  of 
hard-wood  with  a neat  border. 

The  second  floor  contains  Library,  Reading-room,  etc.,  and  is  reached  by  a separate 
entrance  and  an  easy  staircase.  The  delivery-desk  being  placed  in  the  position  shown, 
renders  it  easy  for  those  requiring  books,  etc.,  to  get  them  without  entering  reading- 
room,  and  the  librarian  can  thus  see  all  who  come  and  go  as  well  as  see  into  the  read- 
ing-room. The  work-room  is  required  for  unpacking,  covering  and  labeling  books,  etc., 
while  the  vault  makes  an  excellent  fire-proof  room  in  which  to  store  valuable  papers,  or 
be  used  for  town  records,  etc.  The  reading-room  is  a pleasant  room,  and  with  its  open 
fire-place,  in  which  a wood  fire  can  be  burnt,  would  be  a pleasant  place  to  while  away 
an  evening  in  reading.  The  book-room  is  neatly  arranged  so  as  to  store  about  seven 
thousand  volumes,  the  alcoves  containing  the  books  being  well-lighted.  This  floor 
throughout  to  be  finished  in  pine  in  the  natural  color,  with  cut  and  incised  work  picked 
out  in  color.  The  stairs  of  hard- wood.  The  floor  of  hard-wood.  The  first  story  is  brick 
and  stone  construction,  the  upper  story  being  shingled ; roof  covered  with  black  slate. 
Such  a building  as  this  is  an  ornament  to  any  town,  and  certainly  is  a paying  invest- 
ment as  it  is  by  no  means  expensive,  the  whole  of  the  work  to  be  done  in  a substantial 
manner  at  a cost  of  $ 6,000. 


Plate  XX 11 


74 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XXV. 


TOWN  HALL. 


Here  is  a study  for  a small  Town  Hall,  suited  to  the  requirements  of  a country  town 
of  from  four  to  five  thousand  inhabitants.  It  has  often  seemed  to  us,  in  our  professional 
journeys  through  numerous  country  towns  in  different  parts  of  the  country,  that  there 
was  a lack  of  interest  on  the  part  of  the  inhabitants  in  those  things  which  so  often  tend 
toward  the  public  good — morally,  intellectually  and  otherwise.  There  should  be  in 
every  town  the  public  building,  in  which  all  should  take  equal  delight  and  pride.  This 
building  should  not  be  a wooden,  tumble-down,  flat  or  mansard-roofed  dry  goods  box, 
neither  need  it  be  an  attic  in  some  building,  the  lower  part  of  which  is  used  as  a Store- 
room for  kerosene  or  any  other  equally  combustible  material,  but  should  be  a real  solid, 
substantial  brick  building,  which  should  be  built  in  a proper  manner,  the  floors  fire- 
proof— not  built  in  that  slip-slop  fashion  that  old  fogies  always  prefer,  the  wooden 
beams  and  floors  forming  beautiful  flues  for  the  devouring  flames  to  creep  through, 
thereby  at  all  times  rendering  such  buildings  perfect  man-traps.  The  roof  should  be  a 
feature  of  the  building,  and  not,  as  many  suppose,  be  made  to  appear  as  small  as  possi- 
ble, as  if  it  was  something  to  keep  out  of  sight.  In  the  design  here  illustrated  it  has  not 
been  the  aim  to  produce  anything  but  a good,  plain,  honest  building,  suited  to  the  require- 
ments of  a country  town.  The  basement  is  reached  by  front  entrance  directly  under 
main  entrance,  and  the  floor  of  porch  above  forms  a covered  porch  for  basement  en- 
trance. The  hall  is  large  and  spacious,  and  communicates  with  Court-room,  Heater- 
room  and  Firemen’s  Sitting-room,  also  Hall  of  first  floor  by  a flight  of  easy  stairs.  The 
fire-engine  room  is  large,  and  has  two  large  doors  suitable  for  running  in  Engine  and 
Hose  Wagon,  and  connecting  as  it  does  with  Sitting-room,  makes  a convenient  arrange- 
ment. The  chiefs  office  is  connected  with  court-room  and  has  an  outside  door.  Four 
cells  are  provided,  in  which  to  stow  away  at  times  the  refractory  individuals  who  insist 
on  being  in  hot  water.  The  room  connected  with  chiefs  office  is  arranged  for  the  recep- 
tion of  lady  and  aristocratic  prisoners,  as  delinquent  Bank  Presidents  and  Cashiers,  In- 
surance Officers,  etc.  The  first  floor  contains  Court-room  with  Judges’  and  Jury  room, 
Town  Clerk’s  office,  with  a large  fire-proof  vault  in  which  to  store  away  the  town  rec- 
ords, two  good  offices  which  should  hold  Lawyers  enough  to  do  what  legal  business  is 
necessary  to  be  done  in  a town  of  this  size.  The  hall  is  spacious  and  communicates 
directly  with  offices  and  court  room,  and  has  a broad  and  easy  staircase  ascending  to  the 
large,  high  Hall  above,  the  whole  of  which  is  in  one  room  for  assembly  purposes.  Such 
a Hall  as  this  is  capable  of  being  fitted  up  and  answering  for  everything  required  in  a 
country  town,  as  a caucus  meeting,  or  a theatrical  performance,  for  private  parties  and 
public  balls,  Church  fairs  or  even  minister’s  donation  parties.  This  Hall  would  be  a 
source  of  revenue  that  would  almost  run  the  entire  building,  and  would  be  a source  of 
continual  enjoyment  to  the  citizens  of  the  town.  The  building  is  thoroughly  ventilated 
throughout.  The  outer  walls  built  of  good,  honest  red  brick  in  colored  mortar,  with 
stone  basement,  water-table,  sills,  steps,  etc.  The  roof  slated.  The  first  and  second 
floors  of  rolled  wrought  iron  beams  and  corrugated  iron  arches,  filled  in  with  cement 
concrete,  on  which  is  bedded  the  sleepers  the  hard  pine  floors  are  laid  on.  The  interior 
finish  to  be  of  hard-wood,  in  a plain  and  suitable  manner.  Cost  about  $12,000.00. 


Plate  XX  V. 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


yG 


Plate  XXVI. 

EPISCOPAL  CHURCH. 

This  Church  is  erected  at  Stafford  Springs,  Conn.,  and  is  built  on  one  of  the  most 
peculiar  sites  imaginable,  being  on  a triangular  corner  lot,  situated  on  a side  of  a hill, 
which  brings  the  whole  of  one  side  of  basement  out  of  ground  and  the  opposite  side, 
where  Drive  Porch  is,  on  a level  with  the  Church  floor.  The  basement  is  built  of  Mon- 
son  granite  laid  in  irregular  courses,  with  cut  sills,  lintels,  etc.,  the  area  copings  and  steps 
being  of  cut  granite.  The  basement  gives  good  Sunday-School  rooms,  with  a ceiling  of 
eleven  feet,  and  is  so  arranged  as  to  be  thrown  into  one  room  by  means  of  sliding  doors. 
The  stairs  from  basement  to  floor  above  are  convenient  and  easy  of  ascent,  and  gives 
room  underneath  for  a water-closet,  and  the  room  under  Tower  is  used  for  fuel.  The 
windows  in  basement  are  filled  with  diamond  glass  with  stained  borders,  set  in  leaded 
frame-work.  The  ground  floor  or  auditorium  is  31  x 53|  feet  in  size,  and  will  seat  225 
comfortably.  The  ceiling  is  finished  with  open  timber  and  plastered  panels,  the  win- 
dows all  filled  with  rolled  Scotch  C-tthedral  glass  of  handsome  design,  the  chancel  win- 
dows and  rose  window  in  front  being  very  handsome.  The  fittings  are  all  of  pine — 
seats  finished  in  natural  wood  and  have  black  walnut  rolls  on  backs.  The  chancel  is  of 
good  size,  having  robing-room  connected,  which  is  reached  from  outside,  and  contains 
wardrobe,  etc.,  the  organ  being  placed  on  opposite  side. 

The  construction  throughout  above  basement  is  of  wood — roof  slated  with  black 
slate  and  cut  bands — and  the  whole  exterior  of  wood-work  is  painted,  the  body  Venetian 
red,  and  trimmings  Indian  red,  with  the  cut-work,  battens,  etc.,  black.  These  colors, 
with  the  picturesque  surroundings,  form  a pleasing  picture  to  the  eye,  and  one  which 
should  be  seen  to  be  appreciated.  The  cross  section  gives  an  idea  of  the  interior  at 
Chancel.  This  Church  cost  $4,500  complete,  and  is  one  of  the  neatest  church  buildings 
for  the  money  that  it  is  possible  to  get  up. 


CROSS  SECTION. 


I 'late  XXVI. 


78 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XXVII. 

CATHOLIC  CIIURCIL 


This  design  is  suited  to  the  requirements  of  a country  parish,  and  is  designed  to  ac- 
commodate 300. 

In  preparing  this  design  it  was  necessary  to  produce  a building  which  could  be 
erected  at  small  expense,  and  in  a country  town  where  only  certain  building  materials 
were  to  be  had  at  reasonable  prices.  The  walls  are  of  brick,  laid  up  fourteen  inches 
thick,  with  a two  inch  air  space;  the  stone  trimmings  to  be  of  granite  found  in  the 
neighborhood.  The  walls  are  kept  low  as  possible,  and  are  pierced  with  wide  windows, 
filled  with  stained  glass  in  leaded  frames.  The  roof  is  open-timbered,  giving  plenty  of 
height  and  ventilation.  The  gallery  is  placed  over  the  front  end,  which  is  reached  by 
means  of  stairs  from  vestibule,  gives  ample  room  for  organ  and  choir,  and  is  well  lighted 
by  rose  window,  while  the  tower  is  arranged  to  contain  bell,  or  even  a peal  of  bells  if 
desired,  which  can  be  rung  from  gallery  floor  below. 

The  side  porches  to  auditorium,  also  to  vestry  room,  make  these  entrances  desirable, 
as  they  are  protected  from  the  weather.  The  lower  part  of  these  porches  are  of  stone 
and  brick  construction,  while  the  upper  portion  is  of  wood;  the  roofs  are  all  slated  with 
Bangor,  Pa.,  slate;  the  brickwork  laid  up  with  red  mortar,  with  belts,  arches,  etc.,  in 
black  mortar,  and  the  joints  of  stone-work  finished  in  black.  The  interior  fittings  all  of 
pine,  filled  and  finished  in  natural  wood,  and  cut-work  picked  out  in  color;  walls 
wainscoted  four  feet  high,  on  a level  with  window  sills,  and  the  ceiling  panels  tinted 
an  ultramarine  blue,  with  stencilled  stars  in  chrome  yellow ; the  side  walls  a light 
drab,  with  a foliated  stencil  border  over  wainscot ; the  altar  rail  of  ash  ; and  the  entire 
building  finished  in  a good  and  first-class  manner.  Cost,  $7,000. 

We  are  aware  of  the  custom  that  is  prevalent  for  those  building  Catholic  Churches 
to  copy  from  what  they  have  seen  elsewhere,  and  this  must  be  the  reason  for  erecting  so 
many  country  Churches  of  poor  design  ; and  we  would  say  that  in  preparing  this  design 
it  was  our  aim  to  give  something  entirely  different  from  the  every  day  Catholic  Church, 
yet  such  that  would  meet  all  the  requirements  of  tbe  Catholic  service  ; and  though  llie 
Catholic  Church  to-day  has  the  same  requirements  as  it  had  five  hundred  years  ago,  it  is 
no  reason  why  the  problem  cannot  be  solved  by  the  architect,  and  all  the  traditions  of 
the  great  days  of  the  Church  still  be  preserved  without  turning  to  his  books,  and  copy- 
ing something  to  resemble  its  predecessors  of  years  ago ; but  he  must  work  with  the  ma- 
terials at  his  command,  combining  them  so  as  to  form  a harmonious  whole,  and  suited 
to  the  requirements  of  the  form  of  worship  ; and  to  do  this,  and  obtain  real  progress,  it 
is  necessary  to  work  out  new  ideas  to  suit  each  separate  case,  and  the  various  materials 
employed  should  be  treated  without  any  show  of  deceit,  but  let  wood  be  wood,  brick, 
brick,  and  plaster,  plaster.  Let  the  construction  be  visible  and  sound,  and  the  decora- 
tion employed  be  guided  by  the  simple  desire  of  avoiding  all  shams,  which  will  increase 
the  beauty  and  effect  of  the  edifice,  and  fill  the  souls  worshipping  therein  with  religious 
emotion. 


Plate  XXVII. 


so 


pallisek’s  model  homes. 


Plate  XX  T III. 


CO  NGRECA  TIOJSFA  L CH UR CH. 


This  design  was  prepared  with  a view  of  erection  on  a peculiar  site  in  a prosperous 
and  growing  country  town,  site  being  somewhat  long  and  narrow,  one  corner  of  which 
rounded  off  to  a sharp  point  on  the  rear  portion  of  the  Church,  and  the  peculiar  lay  out 
of  the  plan  was  deemed  necessary  to  carry  out  the  problem  and  to  suit  the  site.  The 
building  is  unique  in  design  and  finish,  and  successfully  fills  the  demand  of  the  modern 
ecclesiastical  structure  suited  to  the  form  of  Congregational  worship.  The  plan  is  very 
compact,  and  so  arranged  that  by  rolling  Venetian  blinds  to  close  the  openings,  the  audi- 
torium, or  Church  proper,  and  the  Chapel  can  be  thrown  together,  and  the  Chapel  and 
Parlor,  being  connected  with  sliding  doors,  can  be  thus  opened  into  and  used  as  one ; 
and  the  Kitchen  in  connection  with  Parlor  makes  a desirable  feature,  and  one  which 
cannot  fail  to  be  appreciated  by  all  Congregationalists.  The  auditorium  proper  is  an 
octagon  with  two  long  sides,  the  organ  being  placed  behind  the  pulpit,  and  all  seats  ra- 
diating from  the  pulpit,  gives  each  and  every  one  an  equal  opportunity  to  see  and  hear; 
the  doors  on  either  side  of  the  pulpit  lead  to  choir  and  minister’s  room,  both  of  which 
are  connected  with  a hallway  having  an  outside  entrance ; here  also  is  provided  a toilet- 
room,  containing  closet  and  bowl.  The  main  entrance  is  placed  in  the  angle  of  audito- 
rium and  Chapel,  and  connects  with  each,  while  the  circular  apse  contains  the  stairway 
up  to  bell  chamber  above.  Over  this  entrance  the  tower  rises  to  a height  of  ninety  feet, 
and  is  arranged  so  as  to  hold  a peal  of  bells,  if  desired.  At  either  flank  of  the  octagon 
the  walls  are  pierced  with  doors  or  windows,  and  the  windows  are  filled  with  stained 
glass ; and  as  the  outside  walls  are  kept  low,  the  principal  light  comes  from  the  clere 
story  windows,  and  with  the  open-timber  roof  and  stained  glass  the  interior  effect  is  very 
striking,  adding  much  to  the  apparent  height  of  the  interior.  The  interior  finish  of  ash; 
the  walls  above  wainscoting  to  have  a dark  tint,  and  above  a lighter  shade.  The  Church 
body  to  be  built  out  of  a dark  granite,  found  in  the  immediate  neighborhood,  laid  in 
irregular  courses,  level  beds  and  plumb  joints;  the  belts,  sills,  etc.,  of  light  granite,  with 
•drafted  margins ; roofs  covered  with  black  slate.  Cost,  about  $10,000,  in  favorable 
locality ; accommodation,  500. 

The  octagon  must  become  in  time  both  common  and  popular  ; for  when  it  is  prop- 
erly treated,  it  can  be  made  to  satisfy  all  the  laws  of  good  taste  and  the  requirements  of 
a Church,  which  will  make  those  who  worship  there  feel  that  they  are  really  in  the 
house  of  God. 


Plate  XX  VIII. 


■ iw $ f~. 
ip  l-'fS  ,(  i'. , -A 

$ 

if  1*^ 

*jj£ 


-NjoisVd 


82 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


Rooms  5,  G,  7 and  8,  People’s  Savings  Bank  Building, 
328  Main,  corner  Bank  Street, 

Bridgeport,  Conn.,  U.  S.  A. 

It  is  desirable  for  parties  who  contemplate  building  to  obtain  the  greatest  amount  of 
room,  with  the  best  architectural  effect  for  the  amount  of  money  expended,  and  to  ac- 
complish this  they  should  secure  the  services  of  a competent  architect,  one  who  has  made 
such  things  a study  and  pursuit  for  years,  and  has  used  every  means  to  become  familiar 
with  it  in  all  its  detail.  The  parties  for  whom  the  building  is  to  be  erected  should  care- 
fully study  their  wants,  and  give  their  ideas  to  the  architect  to  be  worked  out  by  him; 
he  can  then  prepare  a complete  set  of  drawings,  details  and  specifications.  The  pro- 
prietor knows  just  what  he  is  going  to  have  before  the  building  is  commenced,  and  he 
feels  the  assurance  that  there  can  be  no  misunderstanding  with  his  contractor,  as  the 
architect’s  drawings  and  specifications  serve  as  a mediator  between  the  owner  and  con- 
tractor, to  remind  the  former  what  to  require,  and  the  latter  what  his  agreement  is  to 
perform. 

Care  should  be  taken  by  clients  not  to  place  too  many  restrictions  on  the  architect- 
how  he  shall  do  this  or  that,  and  make  a mere  draughtsman  of  him;  but  after  stating 
the  price,  it  would  be  well  to  say  what  room  is  required,  and  give  him  your  ideas  on  the 
matter;  and  you  may  be  sure  that  everything  will  be  added  to  the  building  which  can 
be,  internally  and  externally,  that  will  enhance  its  beauty  and  usefulness. 

When  parties  communicate  with  us,  they  will  please  give  the  following  particulars 
and  any  and  all  the  ideas  they  have  on  the  subject  which  they  may  deem  of  importance. 

1.  The  amount  you  will  expend  on  the  building  to  make  it  complete  in  every  particular. 

2.  Prices  of  material  and  labor  in  your  locality. 

3.  Nature  of  ground,  size  and  shape  of  lot,  and  in  which  direction  the  building  will 
front,  also  principal  side.  The  best  way  is  to  send  a rough  draft  of  the  lot,  with 
points  of  compass,  and  indicate  where  building  is  to  be  placed. 

4.  What  material  will  be  used  in  construction?  Wood,  brick  or  stone?  Give  full  par- 
ticulars where  material  can  be  obtained,  and  state  which  can  be  had  most  conven- 
iently and  economically  for  the  several  purposes. 

5.  Particulars  of  other  buildings  near  it,  if  any. 

6.  Number  and  what  rooms  are  required  on  each  floor;  heights  of  ceilings,  and  number 
of  floors;  also  give  particulars  of  any  special  disposition  to  be  made  of  any  of  the 
rooms  on  account  of  scenery,  views,  or  otherwise. 

7.  What  the  building  and  rooms  are  to  be  used  for. 

8.  From  which  direction  are  your  most  severe  winds  and  storms. 

9.  Give  particulars  of  locality  and  character  of  the  grounds  and  surroundings,  and  any 
special  circumstances  to  be  considered  in  the  design,  and  in  the  location  and  ar- 
rangement of  rooms. 

10.  What  improvements  are  required,  such  as  heating,  hot  and  cold  water,  bath,  gas, 
water-closets,  etc. 

11.  Outside  finish — Porches,  Tower,  Bay-windows,  Verandas,  etc  , etc. 

12.  Have  you  any  public  water  works?  Do  you  require  Cisterns  to  receive  water  from 
roof,  or  what  provision  must  be  made  for  water  service?  Also  give  full  particulars 
of  drainage. 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


83 


13.  What  fence  and  out-buildings  are  required? 

14.  Name  any  work  and  materials  you  wish  to  do  or  supply,  so  that  they  may  be  men- 
tioned in  specifications. 

Write  your  name  and  address  legibly,  giving  your  post-office,  county  and  State,  and 
write  your  own  name  at  the  bottom  of  your  letters. 

After  receiving  particulars,  anything  that  will  interfere  with  the  proper  arrangement 
of  the  rooms,  and  the  carrying  out  of  a suitable  design,  will  be  brought  to  your  notice, 
and  we  shall  correspond  with  you  until  everything  will  harmonize.  We  do  not  wish  to 
send  out  designs  when  we  think  they  will  not  give  satisfaction. 

Correspondence  invited  from  those  who  contemplate  building,  which  will  always 
receive  our  prompt  and  careful  attention. 

When  we  are  employed  by  parties  at  a distance,  we  make  sketches  of  floor  plans,  and 
usually  with  this  we  send  a small  free  hand  sketch  of  the  Elevations.  These  are  returned, 
with  whatever  alterations  or  corrections  they  wish  made.  Then  we  finish  up  the  draw- 
ings, details  and  specifications,  etc.,  as  required  for  the  builders  to  work  from.  Parties 
who  wish  to  employ  us,  should  not  wait  until  the  last  moment,  but  should  open  corres- 
pondence with  us  two  or  three  months,  or  even  more,  before  they  wish  to  commence 
building. 

Our  charges  for  services,  are  for  full  working  plans,  all  detail  drawings  for  exterior 
and  interior  work  and  fittings,  specifications  and  forms  of  contract,  two  and  a half  per 
cent,  on  cost  of  erecting  and  completing  building,  and  where  parties  are  unknown  to  us, 
one-quarter  of  said  charges  usually  accompanying  the  order  for  preliminary  sketches, 
and  as  a guarantee  of  good  faith. 

In  addition  to  above  rates,  one  per  cent,  is  charged  when  elaborated  sketches 
and  perspective  in  line  or  color  are  required  to  be  made  previous  to  making  full 
working  plans;  also  one  per  cent,  additional  when  there  is  a large  amount  and  variety  of 
elaborate  interior  wood  work  and  fittings  to  design  in  detail  for  first-class  dwellings, 
mansions,  etc. 

For  preparing  complete  bills  of  quantities  of  materials,  a charge  of  three-quarter  per 
cent,  is  made. 

For  superintendence,  one  and  one-half  to  three  per  cent.,  according  to  the  require- 
ments, or  by  the  visit  by  special  agreement  for  inspecting  the  work  to  see  whether  con- 
tractors’ payments  are  due  or  not,  and  that  he  is  fulfilling  the  conditions  of  the  contract- 

When  required,  we  furnish  our  client  with  a competent  and  reliable  Clerk  of  Works 
to  be  constantly  on  the  ground  superintending  the  construction,  and  which  is  very  neces- 
sary in  case  of  large  or  intricate  buildings. 

For  designs  in  detail  of  Furniture  and  Interior  Decorations,  ten  per  cent,  on  cost. 

For  buying  material  and  appliances  required  in  building  and  furnishing,  such  goods 
in  all  cases  being  bought  at  best  wholesale  trade  rates,  a charge  of  five  per  cent,  is  made. 

For  appraising  and  valuing,  charges  are  made  according  to  time  occupied  and  cir- 
cumstances. 

Traveling  expenses  and  surveying  in  all  cases  are  charged  in  addition  to  above  rates. 

Charges  are  based  on  the  total  cost  of  actual  execution  and  payment  of  full  value, 
but  previous  to  ability  to  arrive  at  the  proper  and  full  cost,  the  approximated  intended 
cost  is  used  as  the  base  on  which  to  reckon  charges. 


84 


palliser’s  model  homes. 


It  is  our  constant  aim  to  please  our  clients,  and  we  usually  succeed.  Our  long  prac- 
tice lias  convinced  us  that  it  is  quite  as  easy  to  satisfy  parties  with  our  designs  when  wc 
never  see  them,  as  in  any  other  way.  When  parties  correspond  with  us  in  regard  to 
procuring  designs,  we  are  always  prompt  in  answering  their  inquiries;  but  oft-times  peo- 
ple have  written  us  simply  to  get  our  ideas,  and  not  pay  for  them.  To  all  such  we 
would  say  that  our  time  is  valuable,  and  we  sincerely  wish  they  would  not  trouble  us. 
We  mention  this  fact,  because  we  have  received  scores  of  letters,  and  answered  them, 
when  the  parties  really  never  intended  to  employ  us,  but  simply  steal  our  ideas.  Now 
our  ideas  are  for  sale,  and  by  this  means  we  live,  and  it  is  a pleasure,  as  well  as  a liveli- 
hood, to  assist  people  to  build  artistic,  convenient  and  beautiful  homes.  Perhaps  if 
architects  were  rich — they  seldom  are— it  would  be  sufficient  compensation  to  them  to 
assist  people  as  far  as  possible  with  ideas;  but  as  they  are  not,  they  are  obliged  to  com- 
bine pleasure  and  profit  in  a way  it  is  seldom  done,  except  in  architecture. 

If  you  have  a case  at  law,  you  take  it  to  a lawyer,  but  you  expect  to  pay  him  well, 
and  it  never  enters  your  mind  for  a moment  that  he  will  do  anything  without  being 
paid.  It  is  much  the  same  with  architects  as  with  lawyers,  yet  many  think  that  the 
least  they  can  get  a design  for  is  so  much  made.  This  is  a great  mistake  and  is  admitted 
by  all  intelligent  men.  It  is  impossible  to  get  anything  for  less  than  its  value,  and  at  the 
same  time  have  it  prove  satisfactory.  It  is  but  a very  small  design  that  will  occupy  a 
week’s  time  in  its  study,  and  the  proper  preparation  of  the  drawings  and  specifications. 

We  shall  be  very  glad  to  hear  from  all  persons  who  intend  to  build,  and  wish  our 
services,  and  we  will  serve  them  faithfully. 

Our  aim  is  to  please  our  clients,  and  to  give  just  as  much  for  their  money  as  possible. 

It  may  seem  a curious  fact,  but  to  design  a small  cottage,  and  get  the  most  for  a 
limited  cost,  is  a much  harder  study  than  to  design  a house  to  contain  so  many  rooms, 
and  have  this  and  that,  where  we  are  not  limited  to  cost. 

Our  drawings  are  made  on  vellum,  so  that  they  will  stand  wear  and  tear;  are  thor- 
oughly lettered,  figured,  and  made  plain  as  daylight.  Also,  any  one  can  understand  our 
full-size  working  drawings.  The  specifications  are  always  made  complete  in  every  par- 
ticular, and  are  furnished  in  duplicate,  for  builder  and  proprietor,  as  are  also  our  forms 
of  contract;  and  all  instructions  are  given  our  clients  in  the  most  complete  way,  to  ena- 
ble them  to  have  the  design  properly  executed,  and  their  building  affairs  satisfactorily 
conducted. 

To  those  who  need  our  services,  we  would  say  that  our  aim  at  all  times  is  to  produce 
what  will  in  every  way  give  satisfaction,  and  our  services,  advice,  etc.,  are  rendered  in 
full  confidence  that  they  will  do  so. 

You  will  do  us  a favor  by  showing  this  book,  or  speaking  of  it  to  your  friends  and 
any  one  in  your  locality  who  intends  to  build  or  is  otherwise  interested. 

We  have  the  honor  to  be  yours  most  respectfully, 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO., 


Architects. 


85 


DESIGNED  AND  MANUFACTURED  BY 

FR.  BECK  & CO., 

Cor.  Seventh  Ave.  and  Twenty-ninth  St. , 

NEW  YORK. 


IN  OUR 


For  the  coining  season,  will  be  found  a reproduction  of  the  most 

Choice  and  Expensive  Fabrics 

Of  European  design  and  manufacture,  among  which  appear  quaint  old 

Dutch  and  Venetian  Leathers, 

Antique  Metals  and  Velvets, 

AND  THE 

Woven  Tapestries 

So  much  used  in  former  times.  We  offer  a decided  novelty  in  the . 


GENUINE  VELVETS, 

Which  can  he  hung  like  wall  paper  and  which,  in  softness  of  tone  and 
delicacy  of  shading,  richly  decorated  as  they  are  with  antique  designs 
stamped  and  raised  upon  their  surface,  cannot  be  excelled. 

Onr  unusual  facilities  for  producing  these  richer  fabrics  have  also 
been  turned  to  good  account  in  the  cheaper  varieties  of  Paper  Hang- 
ings made  by  us,  which  represent,  to  an  astonishing  degree,  the  same 
beauty  of  design  and  coloring,  thus  placing  truly  artistic  effects  within 
reach  of  the  lowest  prices. 

The  preparation  of  suitable  designs  for 

Ceiling  Decoration 

Has  been  made  a matter  of  special  consideration.  To  insure  harmony 
of  detail,  we  will,  if  desired,  attend  to  the  entire  work  of 


Interior  Decoration, 

For  which  we  employ  the  best  talent,  and  to  which  wo  give  our  per- 
sonal supervision. 


86 


PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO., 

IlCIItlCfS, 

BRIDGEPORT,  Coma.,  TJ.  S.  .A. 

PREPARE 

DESIGNS,  DRAWINGS  AND  SPECIFICATIONS 

For  Every  Description  of  Buildings  for  Erection  in  any  Part  of  the 
World.  Also,  give  Special  Attention  to  the  Remodeling  of 
Existing  Structures,  and  the  Designing  of 


FURNITURE,  INTERIOR  DECORATIONS  AND  MONUMENTS. 

Consultations  on  all  matters  pertaining  to  Building,  Drainage,  Sanitary  Work,  Ventilation, 

Machinery,  Valuations,  &c.,  &c. 

CAN  REFER  TO  UPWARDS  OF  ONE  THOUSAND  PUBLIC  AND  PRIVATE  BUILD- 
INGS ERECTED  IN  ALL  PARTS  OF  THE  WESTERN  WORLD.  NiCS, 

If  anyone  wishes  to  employ  us,  we  shall  he  pleased  to  hear  from  them,  and  will  undertake  to  serve 
them  in  the  best,  most  careful  and  faithful  manner;  but  it  is  usually  expected  that  inquiries  will  be  accom- 
panied with  stamp  for  reply.  During  the  past  two  or  three  years  we  answered,  at  considerable  cost  in  time, 
postage,  etc.,  several  thousand  letters  of  inquiry  from  people  everywhere,  who  omitted  to  enclose  stamp; 
and,  in  a great  many  instances,  these  inquiries  were  of  little  account.  We  have  no  desire  to  be  troubled  for 
nothing;  though,  as  a matter  of  courtesy,  we  answer  all  letters  promptly,  and  shall  continue  to  do  so. 

It  matters  not  whether  our  clients  reside  in  the  States  of  Connecticut,  Massachusetts  or  New  York, 
near  to  us  or  3,000  miles  away — distance  is  no  obstacle — we  can  serve  them  equally  as  well,  as 
hundreds  in  every  State  and  Territory  in  the  Union,  Canada,  Nova  Scotia,  and  the  Brazils  can  testify;  and 
wherever  our  designs  are  carried  out  clients  are  pleased,  press  and  public  extol  on  the  art  and  conveniences, 
being  the  wonder  and  admiration  of  every  one;  and  builders  everywhere  are  unanimous  in  their  statements 
that  they  are  the  best  they  were  ever  engaged  to  execute  and  that  the  drawings,  specifications,  and  all  the 
instruments  of  service  are  rendered  in  the  most  thorough,  complete  and  practical  manner  for  them  to  work 
from,  and  to  enable  them  to  put  the  work  together  without  the  slightest  error,  and  everyone  may  certainly 
rest  assured  that  we  shall  not,  at  this  stage  of  our  practice,  do  a service  in  any  manner  that  will  not  give 
the  fullest  satisfaction.  Our  study  is  faithful  service  for  our  clients’  best  interests. 


NEW  WORKS  ON  CARPENTRY,  BUILDING  AND  ARCHITECTURE. 


Palliser’s  Useful  Details  (just  published, 
April,  1881),  40  plates,  size  of  each  20x26  inches. 
Working  drawings  to  large  scales  which  are  indi- 
cated on  each  plate;  1,100  designs,  representing  every 
description  of  modern  architectural  detail.  In  flexi- 
ble cover.  Price  $3. 

Every  Architect,  Carpenter,  Builder,  Woodworker, 
Stair-Builder,  Sash,  Blind  and  Door  Maker,  Cabinet 
Maker,  Mason  and  Plasterer,  should  get  a copy  of 
this  valuable  work. 

Vol.  II.  Palliser’s  A nierican  Cottage 
Homes.  Will  be  ready  in  Springi  1882.  64  9x12 
plates,  modern  designs  for  every  ’description  of 
American  Cottages,  giving  plans,  elevations,  per- 
spective views;  also  full  details  on  64  6x9,  or  half 
plates,  together  with  specifications,  form  of  con- 
tract, descriptions,  etc.,  etc. 

All  entirely  new  and  original  designs,  and  a com- 
plete volume  in  itself,  dealing  with  the  subject  in  a 
most  full  and  comprehensive  manner. 


P»  1 User’s  Specifications  for  frame  or  brick 
buildings  costing  from  $500  to  $5,000,  will  be  ready 
Spring,  1882.  Price  per  copy  (including  two  forms 
of  contract  for  building),  50  Cents,  or  $4  per  dozen. 

Practical  Stair  Building  and  Hand 
Bailing,  and  The  American  Carpen- 
ters’ and  Joiners’  Guide.  The  construc- 
tion of  Stairs  and  every  description  of  Carpentry  and 
Joinery  plainly  and  fully  explained  from  the'  very 
foundation,  so  that  even  the  apprentices  may  under- 
stand. Concise,  original  and  reliable  methods — 
thoroughly  tested,  simplest  yet  devised.  Stair  rails 
constructed  with  smallest  possible  material  and  la- 
bor, and  with  fewest  lines  and  complications.  All 
fully  illustrated  on  a large  working  scale;  also, 
numerous  details  for  stair  and  other  work.  This  is 
undoubtedly  the  book  for  every  carpenter  and  stair 
builder  to  possess,  and  will  be  issued  at  a price  bring- 
ing it  within  the  reach  of  all.  Will  he  ready  in 
Spring,  1882. 


1 1ST  PREPARATION. 

Palliser’s  Modern  Dwellings  and  Picturesque  American  A reliitecture. 

Strong  in  illustration.  Designs  for  every  description  of  city,  suburban,  town,  country  and  seaside  dwellings, 
as  cottages,  villas,  mansions,  blocks,  etc.  Latest  styles,  best  and  most  original  designs.  The  best  Ameri- 
can work  on  Architecture  ever  issued,  and  especially  valuable  to  people  about  to  build.  New  and  recent 
designs  erected  1882  and  preceding  year,  exact  cost  given  for  each,  locations,  etc.  An  elegant  work  on 
building  at  a very  moderate  price. 


REVISED  AND  IMPROVED  EDITION  JUST  PUBLISHED:  NOVEMBER,  1880. 

(New  Edition  is  Issued  as  often  as  Every  Two  Years.) 

PALLISER’S  SPECIFICATIONS, 

CONSISTING  OF 

Masons’,  Carpenters’,  Painters’,  Slaters’,  Tinners’,  Plumbers’, 
Heaters’  and  Gas  Pipers’  Specifications  for  brick  or  frame 
Buildings  costing  $5,000  and  upwards. 


Invaluable  to  Builders  and  those  who  design  buildings,  as  by  their  use  they  will  save 
hundreds  of  pages  in  writing  and  copying,  besides  having  a more  complete,  full  and  prac- 
tical specification  than  is  usually  written. 

Those  who  write  specifications  will  find  a full  reminder  of  everything  requisite  in  the 
erection  of  such  buildings  to  which  they  apply,  and  parties  not  used  to  specifying  for  work, 
will  find  them  worth  twenty  times  the  cost. 

These  specifications  are  complete  in  every  respect ; blank  spaces  are  left  for  everything 
that  changes  with  the  difference  in  class  and  cost  of  Buildings,  as  sizes  of  timber  and  other 
material,  in  fact,  everything  not  shown  on  plans. 

Where  the  buildings  are  inexpensive  and  require  no  slate  roofing,  plumbing  or  heating, 
pages  can  be  closed  up  or  cut  out,  and  by  drawing  the  pen  through  a single  word  or  by 
adding  a word  in  writing,  a desired  change  can  be  made. 

Builders  can  read  what  they  are  required  to  do  with  greater  facility  than  they  can  manu- 
script, and  are  less  liable  to  make  errors,  and  therefore,  execute  the  work  better. 


NOTICES  OP  THE  PRESS. 


The  first  example  within  our  knowledge  of  a fairly 
complete  set  for  brick  buildings  as  well  as  those  of  wood, 
and  it  is  high  but  deserved  praise  to  say  that  with  the 
proper  amount  of  additional  matter  to  suit  the  peculiar- 
ities of  particular  buildings,  for  which  ample  spaces  are 
left,  such  Specification  can  easily  be  made  as  thorough 
and  full  as  the  most  scrupulous  architect  need  desire. 
The  whole  work  shows  throughout  the  hand  of  thoroughly 
experienced  architects,  and  not  only  experienced  in  a 
certain  class  of  work,  but  in  a great  variety  of  processes 
and  modes  of  finishing.  The  plumbing  specification  is 
nearly  a model ; and  that  for  boiler  and  steam  fitting  is 
a particularly  useful  addition  to  the  whole.— From  the 
American  Architect  and  Building  News. 

In  the  department  of  plumbing  and  sanitary  matters 
we  are  glad  to  see  details  embodying  the  design  of 
thorough  work  ; every  particular  being  so  arranged  as  to 
insure  the  dispersion  out  of  harm’s  way  all  sewer  gas  or 
noxious  emanations  — From  the  American  Engineer. 

The  work  of  thoroughly  experienced  architects,  com- 
plete in  items,  logical  in  arrangement,  and  amply  pro- 
vided with  blank  spaces  for  entering  additional  matter 
to  suit  the  peculiarities  of  buildings. — From  Carpentry 
and  Building. 

Are  invaluable  to  architects  and  builders.— From  the. 
Publishers  Weekly. 

They  have  unquestionably  received  great  attention  in 
their  preparation  and  are  comprehensive  and  full. — From 
the  California  Architect  and  Building  Review . 


A form  for  use  i n making  contracts  for  building,  being 
complete  and  practical  specifications  covering  all  essen- 
tial points.  Blank  spaces  are  left  for  details,  which 
change  with  the  difference  in  class  and  cost  of  houses, 
suen  as  sizes  of  timber  and  parts  not  shown  on  plans. 
Messrs.  Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.  have  done  the  public,  and 
mechanics  especially,  great  service  in  preparing  these 
specifications,  which  obviate  a great  deal  of  writing  and 
tend  to  prevent  errors  by  making  all  the  points  perfectly 
clear. — From  the  Scientific  American. 

No  architect  or  builder  who  sets  a value  on  his  time  or 
labors  would  think  of  writing  up  a specification  for  four 
times  the  amount  asked  for  a printed  blank. — From  the 
Builder  and  Wood  Worker. 

They  are  adapted  to  the  plans  of  any  and  every  one , 
since  the  pen  can  readily  be  drawn  through  superfluous 
details,  save  much  trouble  in  making  contracts,  and  when 
once  used  will  not  be  readily  discarded.— From  the 
American  Bookseller. 

It  treats  of  all  parts  of  a building,  from  the  founda- 
tion to  the  finish,  and  throughout  shows  evidence  of  great 
care  and  forethought  and  is  evidently  the  work  of  expe- 
rienced men. — From  the  Metal  Worker. 

Any  one  who  means  to  build  had  better  get  them  and 
read  them  than  to  trust  to  an  impromptu  manuscript. — 

From  the  Springfield  (Mass.)  Republican. 

It  is  standard  in  all  particulars,  no  chance  of  omitting 
important  parts  as  there  is  in  written  specifications. — 
From  the  Iron  Age. 


. Every  Architect  in  the  country  should  use  them.  Every  Builder  should  have  these  Spec- 
ifications and  become  acquainted  with  their  contents. 

Those  who  intend  to  build  should  get  a set  and  study  them. 

The  principal  Architects  use  them  in  their  practice.  The  forms  of  contract  are  the  Stand- 
ard and  cover  fully  all  the  points,  and  have  stood  the  test  everywhere  for  past  seven  years. 

Printed  on  one  side  of  sized  paper  9x14  inches  in  size,  suitable  for  filling  in  blanks  with 
pen  and  ink,  handsomely  bound  in  paper  cover  with  fastenings,  etc.,  for  pocket  use. 

Price  50  cents  per  set,  including  two  forms  of  contract,  or  $4.00  per  dozen. 

Forms  of  contract  for  building,  5 cents  each  or  40  cents  per  dozen. 

JPnlliser’s  Specifications  and  Building  Contracts  are  endorsed  by  thfi 
leading  Architects  and  Builders  in  the  United  States  and  Canadas. 

Specifications  by  the  quantity  at  $15.00  per  hundred  copies,  and  Contracts  (including 
bond)  at  $2.50  per  hundred  copies. 

These  Contracts  (revised  April  1st,  1881,  are  highly  commended  by  all  the  Architectural 
and  Building  Journals  printed  in  the  English  language,  and  the  Architectural  and  Legal 
professions  pronounce  them  perfect  in  all  particulars  and  what  has  long  been  wanted. 

They  are  applicable  to  any  part  or  division  of  building  work  or  sub-contracts. 

We  can  furnish  any  book  or  periodical  on  Architecture,  Building  anil  Mechanics  pub- 
lished in  this  or  any  other  country.  In  fact,  we  can  furnish  any  kind  of  book  published. 

NEW  WORKS  on  Building  and  Architecture  issued  by  us  every 
Spring  and  Fall.  Circulars  with  full  list  of  contents  of  our  publica- 
tions mailed  to  any  address. 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO.,  Bridgeoort,  Conn. 


¥l\e  Work  lotted  oi\  Sfdl^itedtufe. 


The  best,  cheapest  and  most  popular  work  ever  issued  on  Ar- 
chitecture—two  hundred  and  sixty  drawings— a $10  hook  in  size 
and  style  for  $5  which  is  much  too  low,  yet  we  have  determined 
to  make  it  meet  the  popular  demand,  to  suit  the  times,  so  that 
it  can  be  easily  reached  by  all. 

PALLXSER’S  AMERICAN  COTTAGE  HOMES. 

Illustrated  by  40  9x12  plates,  containing  50  designs  of  Modern  Low 
Priced  Cottages  and  \V orkingmen’s  Homes,  suitable  for  erection  in  city, 
suburbs,  village  and  country,  in  the  North,  South  and  West.  Gives  plans,  eleva- 
tions, perspective  views,  sections,  details,  specifications : also  descriptive  letter 
press  on  back  of  each  plate,  form  of  contract,  etc.,  etc. 

Invaluable  to  every  one  who  contemplates  the  erection  of  a house,  and  there 
arc  few  who  do  not  intend  to  build  for  themselves  a home  sometime  in  their  lives. 

It  is  the  book  for  the  people,  and  no  one  can  afford  to  neglect  it. 


Title  page,  Plate  1.— Perspective  Views  of  De- 
signs 1,  2,  3,  and  23,  also  plans  and  Perspective 
View  of  a handsome  brick  and  timber  Cottage  of  9 
rooms. 

Design  1,  Plate  2.— Plans  and  Elevations,  11 
room  114  story  Cottage,  cost  $1,500. 

Design  2,  Plate  2.— Plans  and  Elevations,  6 room 
1} 4 story  Cottage,  cost  $800. 

Design  3,  Plate  2.— Plans  and  Elevations  5 room 
114  story  Cottage,  cost  $800. 

Design  4,  Plate  3.— Plans  and  Elevations,  G room 
114  story  Cottage,  cost  $700. 

Design  5,  Plate  3.— Plans  and  Elevations,  6 room 
2 story  Cottage,  cost  $900. 

Design  6,  Plate  3.— Plans  and  Elevations,  2 room 
1J4  story  Cottage,  cost  $325. 

Design  7,  Plate  4.— Plans  and  Elevations,  G room 
2 story,  2 family  Cottage,  cost  $1,000. 

Design  8,  Plate  4.— Plans,  Elevations  and  Per- 
spective View,  G room  2 story  Cottage,  giving  two 
different  sets  of  plans  for  same  Elevations,  cost  $875. 

Design  9,  Plate  5.— Plans,  Elevations,  Perspec- 
tive View  and  Details,  6 room  2 story  Cottage,  cost 
$1,400. 

Design  10,  Plate  5,  Plans  and  Elevations,  4 room 
1 14  story  Cottage,  cost  $G00. 

Design  1 1,  Plate  6.— Plans  and  Elevations,  6 
room  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $850. 

Design  12,  Plate  6.— Plans  and  Perspective 
View,  4 room  1^  story  cottage,  cost  $375. 

Design  13,  Plate  7.— Plans  and  Elevations,  G 
room  2 story  fire-proof  Cottage,  cost  $1,150. 

Design  14,  Plate  7.— Street  front  of  5 fire-proof 
Cottages. 

Design  15,  Plate  7.— Plans  and  Elevations,  5 
room,  2 story  fire-proof  Cottage,  cost  $850. 

Design  IB,  Plate  8,— Plans  and  Elevations,  6 
room  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $860; 

Design  17,  Plate  8.— Plans  and  Perspective 
View,  4 room,  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $9t0. 

Design  1 8,  Plate  9,— Plans,  Elevations,  Perspec- 
tive View  and  Details,  G room  2 story  Cottage,  cost 
$1,500. 

Design  19,  Plate  10.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  pair  brick  and  timber  Cottages, 
5 rooms  each,  cost  $1,400. 

Design  20,  Plate  11.— Plans  and  Elevations,  7 
room  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $1,700. 

Design  21,  Plate  11.— Plans  and  Elevations,  7 
room  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $1,600. 

Design  22,  Plate  12.— Plans,  Elevations,  Per- 
spective View  and  Details,  pair  of  Cottages,  7 
rooms  each,  cost  $1,200. 

Design  23,  Plate  1 3.— Plans  and  Elevations,  7 
-oom  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $1,300. 

Design  24,  Plate  14.— Plans,  Elevations,  Per- 

ective  View,  Details,  Tower  and  Day  Window 

jttage,  cost  $1,700,  G rooms,  2 story. 

Design  25,  Plate  15.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  6 room  2 story  Cottage,  cost 
$1,600. 

Design  26,  Plate  16.— Plans  and  Elevations,  7 
room  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $2,000. 


Design  27,  Plate  17.— Plans.  Elevations  Per- 
spective View  and  Details,  of  two  family  Cottage, 
cost  $2,500. 

Design  28,  Plate  18.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  pair  8 room  Cottages,  cost  $1,850. 

Design  29,  Plate  19.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  G room  2 story  Cottage,  cost 
$2,300. 

Design  30,  Plate  20.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  pair  G room  2 story  Cottages, 
cost  $1,350  each. 

Design  31,  Plate  21,— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  8 room  2 story  Cottage,  cost 
$1,950. 

Design  32,  Plate  22,— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  7 room  2 story  timber  Cottage, 
cost  $2,900. 

Design  33,  Plate  23,— Plans,  Elevations,  and 
Perspective  View,  8 room  2 story  Cottage,  erected 
at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  cost  $1,500. 

Design  34,  Plate  24.— Plans  and  Elevations,  8 
room,  2 story  Cottage,  cost  $3,000. 

Design  35,  Plate  25.— Plans,  Elevations,  Per- 
spective View  and  Details,  9 room  2 story  Cottage, 
cost  $2,800. 

Design  36,  Plate  26.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  7 room  sea  side  Cottage,  cost 
$2,  GOO. 

besign  37,  Plate  27,— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  7 room  Cottage,  cost  $3,500. 

Design  38,  Plate  28.— Plans  and  Elevations 
block  of  4 brick  houses,  (Jueen  Anne  style,  9 rooms, 
bay  windows,  cost  $2,400. 

Design  39,  Plate  29.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  pair  7 room  2 story  Cottages, 
cost  $1,200. 

Design  40,  Plate  30.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  11  room  Country  house,  cost 
$3'200. 

Design  41,  Plate  31.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  7 room  Country  house,  giving 
two  sets  of  Elevations  and  Perspective  Views  for 
same  floor  plan,  cost  $3,100. 

Design  42,  Plate  32.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  6 room  Cottage,  cost  $2,500. 

Design  43,  Plate  33.— Plans  and  Elevations,  9 
room  Country  house,  cost  $3,300. 

Design  44,  Plate  34.— Plans  and  Elevations,  8 
room  Cottage,  cost  $3,000. 

Design  45,  Plate  35.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  7 room  Summer  Cottage,  cost 
$8,325. 

Design  46.  Plate  36.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  13  room  2 family  house,  cost 
$3,750. 

besign  47,  Plate  37.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  8 room  brick  and  timber  Cot- 
tage, cost  $4,000. 

Design  48,  Plate  38.— Plans  and  Elevations,  9 
room  Country  house,  cost  $2,600. 

Design  49,  Plate  39.— PJans  and  Elevations, 
pair  brick  houses,  12  rooms  ehch,  cost  $3,100. 

Design  50,  Plate  40.— Plans,  Elevations  and 
Perspective  View,  9 room  timber  Cottage,  cost 
$3,500. 


One  quarto  volume,  printed  on  heavy  tinted  plate  paper,  handsomely  bound 
in  half  leather,  with  side  stamp  in  gold. 

The  value  of  this  work  to  builders  cannot  be  estimated,  as  it  contains  designs  for 
just  such  houses  as  they  are  called  on  to  build  every  day  in  the  week. 

There  is  not  a builder  in  the  country  who  can  afford  to  neglect  this  book. 

Sent  post-paid  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  price,  $5.  Address  the  Publishers, 

PALLISER,  PALLISER  & CO.,  Bridgeport,  Conn. 


I* 


Iron  Age, 

“Palliser’s  American  Cottage  Homes”  is  a work 
■which  invites  and  merits  careful  examination.  Its 
authors  are  evidently  accomplished  architects,  with  the 
comparatively  rare  gift  of  common  sense.  In  its  pre- 
paration tney  have  recognized  two  things  which  are 
often  lost  sight  of  by  the  architect  who  makes  or  col- 
lects a series  of  designs  for  publication  : that  the 
masses  of  the  people  cannot  afford  to  build  elegant 
houses,  and  that  those  who  must  content  themselves 
with  comparatively  inexpensive  homes  want  them  of 
good  proportion,  effective  design  and  tasteful,  though 
simple,  ornamentation.  During  the  past  few  years  the 
public  have  learned  that  truth  and  beauty,  good  taste 
and  artistic  excellence,  are  not  the  exclusive  posses- 
sions of  the  rich.  The  workingman’s  cottage  or  the 
modest  suburban  home  of  the  business  man  in  moder- 
ate circumstances,  may  as  well  be  neat  and  attractive 
externally,  and  convenient  in  internal  arrangement,  as 
ungainly  and  comfortless.  It  is  with  this  fact  in  mind 
that  Messrs.  Palliser  have  selected  their  examples  of 
American  cottages.  We  have  carefully  examined  every 
one  of  the  fifty  designs,  and  find  in  them  much  to  com- 
mend and  little  to  criticise.  In  every  case  they  seem  to 
be  well  adapted  to  the  wants  of  those  for  whom  they 
are  intended,  from  the  workingman’s  cottage  or  modest 
farm  house,  costing  less  than  $1,000,  to  more  preten- 
tious sea-side  and  village  dwellings,  costing  from  $2,500 
to  $4,000.  These  prices  include  the  modern  conve- 
niences usually  found  in  the  best  houses  of  the  classes 
to  which  they  belong,  with  abundant  closet  room  and  a 
common  sense  interior  arrangement,  utilizing  the  avail- 
able room  to  the  best  practical  advantage.  In  no  case 
have  the  authors  striven  after  effect  merely,  and  it  is 
evident  that  they  have  not  sought  to  advertise  them- 
selves by  a scries  of  pretty  pictures.  The  idea  of  the 
book  was  to  show  that  it  is  possible  to  combine  beauty 
and  convenience  in  cheap  homes. 

We  are  glad  to  be  able  to  commend  this  work  so 
warmly.  It  is  just  what  has  been  needed  ; and  we  hope 
in  a subsequent  volume  Messrs.  Palliser  will  show  how 
comparatively  inexpensive  houses  may  be  adapted  for 
decoration  at  a cost  within  the  means  of  those  who  are 
not  able  to  gratify  to  an  unlimited  extent  a cultivated 
artistic  taste. 

American  Jlookseller. 

The  new  book  of  architectural  designs  prepared  by 
the  Messrs.  Palliser,  and  handsomely  published  by 
them  under  the  title  of  “ Palliser’ s American  Cottage 
Homes,”  is  excellently  adapted  to  the  times  in  every 
respect.  In  the  first  place  the  book  itself  contains  fifty 
designs,  and  costs  but  $5,  which  makes  it  a price  within 
the  reach  of  every  carpenter  who,  perforce  of  his  situa- 
tion, is  his  own  architect.  Then,  the  designs  them- 
selves are  adapted  to  the  wants  of  to-day,  to  wit,  a 
tasteful  home  at  a moderate  price.  In  the  plans  given 
in  this  book,  there  are  none  for  homes  costing  over 
$3,750,  and  there  are  many  for  homes  costing  less  than 
$1,000.  This  is  exactly  what  is  wanted.  The  carpenter 
remote  from  a city  needs  just  such  a book  to  refer  to 
or  to  exhibit  to  his  customer,  so  that  the  latter  can 
give  his  orders  in  an  intelligible  manner.  The  much 
desired  economy  in  these  structures  is  not,  however, 
obtained  at  the  expense  of  beauty — every  one  of  the 
designs,  even  the  very  cheapest,  is  pleasing  to  the  eye. 
Following  the  ideas  laid  down  by  Messrs.  Palliser,  the 
builder  is  sure  to  obtain  a pretty  result.  Another 
result  aimed  at  by  the  authors  is  the  convenience  of 
internal  arrangement.  Many  a good  house  has  been 
spoiled  by  having  the  needed  closet  room  omitted.  All 
this  has  been  carefully  studied  by  the  practical  and  ex 
perienced  gentlemen  whose  namesare  on  the  book,  and 
the  owner  or  working  builder  who  selects  a design  from 
this  work,  will  be  sure  to  secure  all  the  elegance,  con- 
venience, and  economy  in  the  erection  of  a house  as  is 
possible.  The  book,  us  before  intimated,  is  elegantly 
put  forth ; iB  in  quarto  shape,  and  there  is  with  eacn 
perspective  view  a side  and  front  elevation  and  ground 
plans,  so  that  no  one  need  be  at  a loss  to  fully  under- 
stand the  designs.  

American  liuilder. 

The  Messrs.  Palliser,  to  whom  we  have  been  indebted 
for  many  of  the  most  attractive  designs  which  have 
appeared  from  time  to  time  in  the  liuilder , have  ven- 
tured on  publishing  a book.  It  is,  perhaps,  not  the 
best  time  to  publish  any  book  of  a standard  character, 
and  books  of  architecture,  good,  bad,  and  indifferent, 
do  so  abound,  and  are  so  persistently  pushed,  that  it 
requires  courage,  and  a conscious  sense  of  deserving 
well,  to  enter  the  ijs;ld  against  them.  However,  if  any 
book  will  sell,  this  ought  to.  It  is  thoroughly  practi- 
cal, the  designs  are  most  carefully  drawn,  witn  details 
given  in  many  instances  in  the  completes!  wav.  There 
Is  a freshness  and  originality  of  style  which  is  very 


taking,  while  the  range  of  prices  for  the  houses  de- 
picted in  the  plates  is  low.  T’here  is  an  economy  of 
space  and  ingenuity  in  planning  which  cannot  bu-t 
commend  themselves  to  the  intelligent  builder,  while 
the  suggestiveness  of  the  drawings  (insisted  on  as  it  is 
by  the  authors,  who  show  how  easily  their  designs  can 
be  modified  to  suit  special  circumstances)  is  such  as 
greatly  to  enhance  the  value  of  the  work.  The  Messrs. 
Palliser  are  especially  happy  in  their  treatment  of  roofs, 
and  the  effects  produced  by  some  of  their  combinations 
are  exceedingly  picturesque,  while,  as  is  shown  by  the 
estimates  given,  this  beauty  of  appearance  can  be 
secured  at  the  most  moderate  rates.  Fifty  designs  are 
given  in  forty  plates.  Such  a book  demands  a hand- 
some setting,  and  it  is,  in  point  of  fact,  very  neatly  and 
solidly  bound  as  a large  quarto,  in  dark  green  cloth  and 
dark  red  half  morocco,  with  the  title  in  gold  letters  on 
the  cover.  The  title-page  itself  is  a marvel  of  delicacy 
and  taste.  We  can  heartily  recommend  the  work  to 
our  readers.  We  do  not  exaggerate  when  we  say  that 
no  builder  of  a cheap  class  of  houses,  who  wishes  to 
make  money  by  making  them  beautiful,  can  afford  to 
be  without  this  valuable  work.  It  is  full  of  suggestion 
from  cover  to  cover. 


Scientific  American. 

This  firm  is  doing  valuable  service  in  its  frequent 
publication  of  copiously  illustrated  works  containing 
designs  for  dwellings  which  are  not  only  moderate  in 
price  but  in  accordance  with  a constantly  improving 
popular  artistic  taste.  American  village  architecture 
has  long  been  remarkable  for  lack  of  beauty,  chiefly 
perhaps  on  account  of  the  rapidity  with  which  new 
towns  spring  up  in  this  country,  and  the  necessity  of 
building  at  low  cost.  Now  that  the  best  architects  do 
not  think  the  planning  of  a workman’s  cottage  unwor- 
thy of  their  skill,  we  may  look  for  the  application  of 
better  principles  both  in  construction  and  exterior  ap- 
pearance. The  present  work  is  a notable  instance  of 
what  may  be  done  toward  adapting  really  tasteful  and 
new  designs  to  the  exigencies  of  moderate  outlay. 
Here  are  fifty  designs,  each  giving  the  necessary  plans, 
elevations,  and  perspectives  of  cottages,  none  costing 
more  than  $4,000  to  erect  complete,  and  ranging  from 
that  figure  down  to  as  low  as  $325  for  a very  neat  two- 
room  one  and  a half  story  dwelling.  All  are  tasteful, 
many  picturesque  and  elegant.  They  are  intended  for 
the  country  and  look  rural,  which  is  much  more  than 
can  be  said  of  the  ineffectual  attempts  to  imitate  French 
city  architecture  on  a reduced  scale,  which  of  late  years 
many  architects  have  made  in  planning  country  homes. 
Full  forms  of  specifications  and  agreements  are  given, 
so  that  the  reader  has  only  to  select  his  design  and 
make  a contract  with  a builder  to  have  it  constructed. 

Tolland  County  ( Ct .)  Press. 

Palliser,  Palliser  & Co.,  the  national  renowned  archi- 
tects, have  issued  their  work  on  “Illustrated  Cottage 
Homes.”  It  contains  cottages  suited  to  every  taste, 
ranging  in  cost  of  construction  lrom  $325  to  $4,000. 
A work  alike  valuable  to  builders  and  to  any  who  have 
in  view  the-erection  of  a house,  many  of  the  plans  being 
susceptible  of  slight  changes  that  will  adapt  themselves 
to  any  taste.  Most  of  the  plans  shown  have  been  built 
from,  aud  many  of  them  duplicated  many  times  over. 
All  are  practical— the  creation  of  a well-known  firm  of 
successful  architects.  Onequaito  volume,  printed  on 
heavy  tinted  plate  paper,  handsomely  bound  in  half 
leather,  with  side  stamp  in  gold.  Price,  $5. 


manufacturer  and  liuilder. 

This  .book  meets  an  actual  demand  for  practical  de- 
signs for  low  and  medium-priced  houses  adapted  for 
the  majority  of  the  people.  The  designs  are  graceful 
and  practical,  the  plaus  convenient,  and  the  details 
given  for  construction  are  sound  and  at  the  same  time 
economical.  The  time  has  passed  when  people  think 
that  tasteful  designs  and  convenient  plans  must  neces- 
sarily be  more  expensive ; the  examples  given  by  our 
prominent  architects  have  proved  that  much  money  is 
thrown  away  in  constructing  ugly,  illy-proportioned 
buildings,  while,  at  the  sumo  expense,  beautiful  and 
well-proportioned  structures  can  bo  erected.  At  the 
same  time,  this  publication  proves  how  interior  con- 
venience is  perfectly  compatible  with  exterior  beauty, 
another  point  which  lias  been  doubted  by  mnnv,  be- 
cause of  the  failures  of  some  architects  to  provide  in 
exteriorly  beautiful  structures  the  interior  comforts 
often  experienced  in  old-fashioned  and  ugly  residences. 

Publications  of  this  cluss  are  the  stimuli  which  are 
working  a revolution  In  domestic  architecture,  which 
wo  earnestly  hope  will,  in  the  course  of  time,  sweep 
away  all  that  is  ugly  to  the  eye,  and  so  improve  the 
public  taste  to  the  standard  required  to  appreciate  the 
truly  beautiful. 


90 


PERTH  AMBOY 

TERRA  COTTA  CO. 

170  BROADWAY,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

Architectural  Terra  Cotta, 

AND 

BUFF  FRONT  BRICK. 


Continental  Stained  Glass  Works, 

3STo.  16  CHAPMAN  PLACE, 

( Opposite  City  Hall), 

BOSTON,  MASS., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

smuts®  GLASS 

FOR 

MEMORIAL  WINDOWS.  CHURCHES,  HALLS  AND  PRIVATE  RESIDENCES 

We  can  exhibit  to  our  patrons  many  fine  designs  and  samples  of  both  Modem 
and  Ancient  styles  in  Rolled  and  Antique  Glass. 

13^"  Can  refer  to  buildings  everywhere,  for  -which  we  have  furnished  Art  Glass: 
Churches,  Banks,  Stores,  Offices,  Dwellings,  &c. 

THE  FINEST  ART  WORK  AT  MODERATE  PRICES. 

SPECIAL  DESIGNS  PREPARED. 

CARSTENS  & KRAUSS. 


91 


W.  D.  & A.  S.  NICHOLS, 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

MARBLE,  MARBLEIZED  SLATE 

AND  HARD  WOOD 


MA 


GRATES,  FENDERS,  OPEN  FIREPLACES,  ANDIRONS, 

FIRE  SETS,  COAL  YASES,  Etc. 


QUARRIES  & MILLS, 
POULTNEY,  Vt. 


73  HUDSON  ST., 

( Opposite  Worth  Street), 

INTZEV^  YORK. 


FACTORY 
157  and  159 

E.  128th  St.,  N.  Y. 


IMPROVED  MORTAR  BLACK, 

EXTRA  PERMANENT  JET  BLACK,  WARRANTED, 

Is  being  used  in  the  construction  of  the  following  Buildings : 

Boston  and  Albany  Iiailroad  Depot, 

New  England  Manufacturers'  and  Mechanics’  Institute, 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Mechanic  Association, 
School-House,  South  Boston,  School-House,  Egleston  Square, 
Mason’s  Bloclc,  Liberty  Square,  Boston, 

AND  MANY  OTHERS. 

No  dust,  grease  or  anything  to  annoy.  Being  a pulp  or  paste,  is  easily  mixed,  and 
it  improves  the  Mortar  and  is  highly  recommended  by  the  leading  Architects  and 
Builders. 

MANUFACTURED  ONLY  BY 

George  H.  Morrill  & Co.,  34  Hawley  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

BRANCH,  25  ROSS  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

SEND  FOR  CIRCULAR  OIVINU  FULL  PARTICULARS  ANI)  DIRECTIONS  FOR  USE. 


92 


GRAFF  & COMPANY 

MANUFACTURERS. 

THE  HOT  BLAST  TUBULAR  FURNACE 

Has  gained  a wider  popularity  for  great  heat- 
ing power,  cheapness  and  economy  in  con- 
sumption of  fuel  than  any  medium  priced 
furnace  in  this  country.  A very  strong  argu- 
ment in  favor  of  the  “Hot  Blast”  is  the  fact 
that  the  Board  of  Fire  Commissioners  of  New 
York  City  have,  (after  a thorough  test  of  its 
merits,)  ordered  this  furnace  put  into  their  En 
gihe  Houses. 

To  the  dealer  we  say,  look  to  your  own  inter- 
ests, and  at  once  secure  the  sale  of  this  Fur- 
nace. 

To  the  consumer  we  say,  that  with  more 
money  than  will  buy  the  “Hot  Blast,”  you  can- 
not buy  as  good  a furnace  in  every  particular. 

Hundreds  of  references  given  on  application. 


THE  METROPOLITAN 

WROUGHT  OR  PLATE-IRON 

FURlf  A.OE, 

FOR  ANTHRACITE  OR  BITUMINOUS  COAL. 


Had  we  space  in  this  book  we  should  be 
glad  to  give  a full  description  of  this  su- 
perior Furnace,  and,  at  least,  make  men- 
tion of  other  popular  Furnaces  of  our  man- 
ufacture. As  we  cannot  do  this  in  the  space 
allotted  to  us,  we  ask  you  to  send  for  our 
descriptive  Catalogue,  which  illustrates  all 
the  Furnaces  of  our  manufacture,  and  also, 
contains  much  valuable  information  on  the 
subject  of  heating.  Bear  in  mind  that  we 
make  a specialty  of  heating  large  Public 
Buildings,  and  that  we  will  take  pleasure 
in  furnishing  information,  or  in  giving  esti- 
mates on  appplication. 

GRAFF  & COMPANY, 

METROPOLITAN.  208  WATER  STREET, 

Three  Sizes.  Portable  aud  Brick-Set.  NEW  YOR!K. 


HOT  15  LAST. 

Five  Sizes. 

Portable  and  Brick-Set. 


93 


THE  SMITH  & EGGE  MFG.  CO. 


Lafayette  Street,  corner  Allen  Street, 

BRIDGEPORT,  CONJNT. 

Contractors  with  U.  S.  Government  for  Mail  Locks. 

Alsi  Manufacturers  of  Serai!  Machine,  Piano  and  Orp  Loch. 


D.S.  Mail  Ms, 

Fine  Brass  Ms, 
Sewini  lacMne  Locks, 

Plano  Loots, 

Organ  Loots, 

Giant  Pailocts. 

Special  hnclcs  made  to  order 
for  Mailroads  and 
others. 

Sewing  Machine  Hardware, 
SMALL  HARDWARE, 

Lilt  Metallic  Goods, 

MADE  TO  ORDER, 

BASIN  AND  BATH  TUB 

CHAINS. 

Button  Hole  Attachments, 

Rapid  Transit  Mouse  Traps, 
Patented  Inventions, 

Tools,  etc. 


“Giant”  Metal,  Automatically  Made,  Sash  Chain, 


And  the  attachments  required  for  hanging  the  sash.  Prices  and  samples  of  Chain  sent  on  application. 
Adopted  by  the  Commissioners  for  the  new  Capitol  at  Hartford,  Conn.,  the  new  City  Hall,  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.,  and  for  new  State,  War  and  Navy  Department  Building  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  other  U. 
S.  Buildings. 

The  only  Suitable  Article  to  hang  Plate  Glass, 

: MANUFACTURERS  OF  1 


U.  S.  Mail  Locks , Treasury  Locks , Giant,  Seal  and  Register  Padlocks . 

Also  the  Celebrated  Kinsman  Door  Lock. 


Universal  Button-Hole  Attachment,  makes  a splendid  button-hole, 
and  can  be  applied  to  different  Sewing  Machines. 

THE  “ RAPID  TRANSIT”  MOUSE-TRAP, 

Catches  more  mice  than  any  other  trap  in  the  world  ; is  always  set  and  never  out  of  order.  Estimates 
on  cost  of  patented  inventions  made,  and  special  attention  given  to  the  manufacture  of  the  necessary 
tools 


94 


JAS.  G.  DOUGLASS.  Preft  E.  MINTON  TATLOE,  Swp' t of  Manufacture. 

W W,  LYON,  Sec'y  and  Treas.  WILL  TEEEELL,  Ass't  Sec'y  and  Treas. 

THE  UNITED  SUITES  ENCAUSTIC  TILE  C0„ 

INDIANAPOLIS,  IND. 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

ENCAUSTIC  & GEOMETRICAL  TILES 

For  Laying-  Floors  in  Public  Buildings,  Banks,  Churches,  Theatres,  Halls, 
Vestibules,  Billing  Booms,  Bath  Rooms,  Etc. 

: ALSO : 

glazed  and  bnaxiblbb  tiles. 

For  Wainscotting,  Hearths,  and  Interior  Decoration. 

Inlaid  Glazed  Tiles  for  Furniture,  and  Stove  Decorations,  a Speciality. 

Designs  and  Estimates  furnished  on  application. 

Office  and  Works:  Cor.  Seventh  St.  and  C.,  I.,  St.  L.  & C.  R.  R. 


For  several  years  past  we 
have  used  and  sold  a large 
quantity  of  this  Conductor  and 
it  is  acknowledged  by  Archi- 
tects and  Builders  to  be  the 
best  Expanding  Pipe  in  use. 

It  is  the  only  Conductor  that 
was  awarded  the  Medal  at  the 
Massachusetts  Charitable  Me- 
chanic Exhibition,  Sept.,  1881. 

E.  B.  Badger  & Son. 
Send  for  price  list. 


NEW  ENGLAND  AGENTS, 

E.  B.  Badger  & Son,  63  & 65  Pitts  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 


The  IRWIN  & REEER 

PATENT 

Expanding  Wafer  Conductor, 

MANUFACTURED  BY  THE  ffy~ . 

£}.  S.  S.  Conductor  Co. 

LIMITED, 

4 7 Federal  St.,  Allegheny,  Pa. 

The  Standing  Seam  al- 
Ioavs  of  an  easy  and  secure 
fastening,  keeping  the  pipe 
far  enough  from  the  walL  to 
make  any  overflow  from  the 
cave  pipe  or  head,  run  down 
the  spout,  and  not  the  wall; 
and  will  open,  in  case  of 
freezing,  so  as  to  prevent 
bursting,  and  still  remain 
double-locked  and  water 
tight. 


95 


RUSSELL  & ERWIN  MF’G  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS  OF 

BUILDERS’  HARDWARE, 

Brass  and  Iron  Wood  and  Machine  Screws. 


FACTORIES  : 

New  Britain,  Conn. 

WAREHOUSES : 

New  York,  45  and  47  Chambers  St. 

Philadelphia,  425  Market  St. 

Baltimore,  17  S.  Charles  St. 

Our  goods  are  sold  by  the  leading  Retail  Hardware  Dealers  throughout 

the  country. 


96 


BROWN  BROTHERS, 

Patent  Seamless  Copper  House  Boilers. 


These  Boilers  are  Superior  to  any  other  in 
the  Market  for  the  following  reasons : 

They  are  ABSOLUTELY  SEAMLESS,  being 
made  from  solid  drawn  Copper  Shells  without 
Brazing  or  Riveting,  which  renders  leakage  im- 
possible. They  are  GUARANTEED  NOT  TO  COL- 
LAPSE, being  supported  inside  by  a Spiral  Cor- 
rugated Rib,  and  are  tested  at  225lbs . INTERNAL 
PRESSURE  to  the  square  inch. 

Are  the  handsomest  Boiler  made,  and  will  last 
a lifetime. 

Send  for  Circular  and  prices. 

MANUFACTORIES:  SALESROOMS: 

W aterlmry,  Conn.  80  & 82  Chambers  St.,  N.  Y. 


OFFER  THE  ADVANTAGES  OF  BEING  MACHINE  MIXED 
AND  MORE  THOROUGHLY  INCORPORATED.  THEY  ARE 
ALSO  NOT  LIABLE  TO  FADE,  AS  NO  UMBER  IS  USED.  THE 
HANDSOME  TINTS,  ETC.,  BEING  PRODUCED  FROM  YELLOWS, 
REDS,  BLACKS,  WHICH  ARE  MORE  PERMANENT. 


WE  USE  NO  BENZINE. 

AND  NO  SICKNESS  RESULTS  FROM  THE  USE  OF 

THESE  PAINTS. 

SEND  FOR  LARGE  SAMPLE  CARDS  SHOWING 
THE  PREVAILING  TINTS  FOR  COTTAGE 
AND  VILLA  PAINTING. 

QUALITY  OUARANTEED. 

JOHN  LUCAS  & CO., 

PHILADELPHIA.  4 factories  , jg-  GIBSBORO,  N.J. 

WM.  E.  LUCAS, 

No.  89  MAIDEN  LANE.  NEW  YORK. 


ASK  YOUR  DEALER 


WM.  E.  LUCAS, 

NEW  YORK. 


3 j%^- 

1 ~'S 
$y*r 


